Lidocaine Hydrochloride hydrate

Lidocaine, an amide local anesthetic, has anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo, possibly due to an attenuation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and reduction of neutrophils influx. (In Vitro) :Lidocaine (Lignocaine) (10 nM; 48 hours) decreases significantly cell proliferation.Lidocaine (1-10 nM; 24-72 hours) inhibits cell viability and achieves the most suppressing effects at the concentration of 10 nM and treatment time 48 hours.Lidocaine (10 nM; 48 hours) increases significantly the apoptotic cell rate.Lidocaine (10 nM; 48 hours) down-regulates Cyclin D1 and up-regulates p21 expression significantly. (In Vivo) :Lidocaine (Lignocaine) causes completely reversible tail nerve block in rats. Mechanical nociception block produced by lidocaine has slower onset and faster recovery compared with thermal nociception block.