D- (-) -Penicillamine

(2S) -2-Amino-3-methyl-3-sulfanylbutanoic acid is the most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease. Target: Others (2S) -2-Amino-3-methyl-3-sulfanylbutanoic acid (Cuprimine, Depen) is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease and is a chelating agent recommended for the removal of excess copper in patients with Wilson's disease. From in vitro studies which indicate that one atom of copper combines with two molecules of penicillamine. (In Vitro) :Penicillamine (D- (-) -Penicillamine) (5 mg; 7 d; CD4+ and CD+ splenocytes) promotes cellular immune responses. (In Vivo) :Penicillamine (D- (-) -Penicillamine) (200 mg/kg; i.g.; daily, for 3, 10 and 14 d; tx mice and DL mice) increases serum free copper concentration.Penicillamine (200 mg/kg; i.g.; daily, for 3, 10 and 14 d; tx mice and DL mice) increases ATP7A and CTR1 mRNA expression in the brain of tx mice.Penicillamine (200 mg/kg; i.g.; daily, for 3, 10 and 14 d; tx mice and DL mice) induces oxidative-stress in the central nervous system.Penicillamine (0.1-250 mg/kg; i.p.; once, for 90 min; male NMRI mice) has binaural phase effect on seizure.Penicillamine (5 mg/kg; i.v.; daily, for 8 weeks; male BN rats) prevents the onset of autoimmunity at a low dose.