Anti-IKKbeta Antibody

I-kappa-B-kinase beta, IKK-B, IKK-beta, IkBKB, EC 2.7.11.10, I-kappa-B kinase 2, IKK2, Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B inhibitor kinase beta, NFKBIKB, Serine/threonine protein kinase IKBKB, EC 2.7.11.1

Serine kinase that plays an essential role in the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway which is activated by multiple stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial or viral products, DNA damages or other cellular stresses (PubMed:30337470). Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation. Phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on 2 critical serine residues. These modifications allow polyubiquitination of the inhibitors and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In turn, free NF-kappa-B is translocated into the nucleus and activates the transcription of hundreds of genes involved in immune response, growth control, or protection against apoptosis. In addition to the NF-kappa-B inhibitors, phosphorylates several other components of the signaling pathway including NEMO/IKBKG, NF-kappa-B subunits RELA and NFKB1, as well as IKK-related kinases TBK1 and IKBKE (PubMed:11297557, PubMed:20410276). IKK-related kinase phosphorylations may prevent the overproduction of inflammatory mediators since they exert a negative regulation on canonical IKKs. Phosphorylates FOXO3, mediating the TNF-dependent inactivation of this pro-apoptotic transcription factor (PubMed:15084260). Also phosphorylates other substrates including NCOA3, BCL10 and IRS1 (PubMed:17213322). Within the nucleus, acts as an adapter protein for NFKBIA degradation in UV-induced NF-kappa-B activation (PubMed:11297557). Phosphorylates RIPK1 at 'Ser-25' which represses its kinase activity and consequently prevents TNF-mediated RIPK1-dependent cell death (By similarity). Phosphorylates the C-terminus of IRF5, stimulating IRF5 homodimerization and translocation into the nucleus (PubMed:25326418). {UniProtKB:O88351, PubMed:11297557, PubMed:15084260, PubMed:17213322, PubMed:19716809, PubMed:20410276, PubMed:20434986, PubMed:20797629, PubMed:21138416, PubMed:25326418, PubMed:30337470}.

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) is a ubiquitous transcription factor and key mediator of gene expression during immune and inflammatory responses. NF-kappaB activates numerous genes in response to extracellular stimuli, such as IL-1, TNFalpha, and LPS. NF-kappaB is associated with IkappaB in cytoplasm, which inhibits NF-kappaB activity. IkappaB kinase (IKK), which phosphorylates IkappaB and mediates IkappaB degradation and NF-kappaB activation, was recently identified. IKK is a serine protein kinase, and the IKK complex contains alpha and beta subunits (IKKalpha and IKKbeta). IKKalpha and IKKbeta interact with each other, and both are essential for NF-B activation. IKKbeta phosphorylates both IkappaB-alpha and IkappaB-beta and is expressed in a variety of human tissues.