Chlorhexidine (diacetate)

Chlorhexidine diacetate is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine diacetate binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine diacetate has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine diacetate can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis) [1][2][3].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[56-95-1]

UNSPSC

12352005

Hazard Statement

H302, H315, H319, H371, H410

Target

Antibiotic; Apoptosis; Bacterial; Necroptosis

Type

Reference compound

Related Pathways

Anti-infection; Apoptosis

Applications

COVID-19-immunoregulation

Field of Research

Infection

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/chlorhexidine-diacetate.html

Purity

99.68

Solubility

Ethanol : 55 mg/mL (ultrasonic) |H2O : 20 mg/mL (ultrasonic; warming; heat to 60°C)

Smiles

N=C(NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)NC(NCCCCCCNC(NC(NC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2)=N)=N)=N.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O

Molecular Formula

C26H38Cl2N10O4

Molecular Weight

625.55

Precautions

H302, H315, H319, H371, H410

References & Citations

[1]Faria G, et al. Evaluation of chlorhexidine toxicity injected in the paw of mice and added to cultured l929 fibroblasts. J Endod. 2007 Jun;33 (6) :715-22.|[2]Zhang J, et al. Pulmonary Toxicity Assessment after a Single Intratracheal Inhalation of Chlorhexidine Aerosol in Mice. Toxics. 2023 Nov 7;11 (11) :910.|[3]Sanchez IR, et al. Chlorhexidine diacetate and povidone-iodine cytotoxicity to canine embryonic fibroblasts and Staphylococcus aureus. Vet Surg. 1988;17 (4) :182-185.|[4]Ribeiro DA, et al. Chlorhexidine induces DNA damage in rat peripheral leukocytes and oral mucosal cells. J Periodontal Res. 2004 Oct;39 (5) :358-61.