Avobenzone-13C,d3

Avobenzone-13C,d3 is the 13C- and deuterium labeled Avobenzone. Avobenzone, a dibenzoylmethane compound, is one of the most widely used filters in sunscreens for skin photoprotection in the UVA band. Avobenzone is an endocrine disruptor that directly binds to estrogen receptor β and acts as an estrogen agonist[1][2].

[1]Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(2):211-223.|[2]Ahn S, An S, et al. A long-wave UVA filter avobenzone induces obesogenic phenotypes in normal human epidermal keratinocytes and mesenchymal stem cells. Arch Toxicol. 2019;93(7):1903-1915.|[3]Kojić M, et al. A new insight into the photochemistry of avobenzone in gas phase and acetonitrile from ab initio calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2016;18(32):22168-22178.|[4]Schreurs RH, et al. Interaction of polycyclic musks and UV filters with the estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR), and progesterone receptor (PR) in reporter gene bioassays. Toxicol Sci. 2005;83(2):264-272.|[5]Yang C, et al. Avobenzone suppresses proliferative activity of human trophoblast cells and induces apoptosis mediated by mitochondrial disruption. Reprod Toxicol. 2018;81:50-57.