Anti-Glucocorticoid Receptor Antibody

Peptide consisting of amino acids 150-175 of squirrel monkey glucocorticoid receptor coupled to diptheria toxoid. This sequence is identical in human glucocorticoid receptor except for 2 amino acids (underlined):

Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC) (PubMed:27120390). Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modulator of other transcription factors. Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Involved in chromatin remodeling (PubMed:9590696). Plays a role in rapid mRNA degradation by binding to the 5' UTR of target mRNAs and interacting with PNRC2 in a ligand-dependent manner which recruits the RNA helicase UPF1 and the mRNA-decapping enzyme DCP1A, leading to RNA decay (PubMed:25775514). Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth (By similarity). {UniProtKB:P06537, PubMed:25775514, PubMed:27120390, PubMed:9590696}.; [Isoform Alpha]: Has transcriptional activation and repression activity (PubMed:15866175, PubMed:19248771, PubMed:20484466, PubMed:23820903, PubMed:11435610, PubMed:15769988, PubMed:17635946, PubMed:19141540, PubMed:21664385). Mediates glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis (PubMed:23303127). Promotes accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis (PubMed:25847991). May act as a tumor suppressor (PubMed:25847991). May play a negative role in adipogenesis through the regulation of lipolytic and antilipogenic gene expression (By similarity). {UniProtKB:P06537, PubMed:11435610, PubMed:15769988, PubMed:15866175, PubMed:17635946, PubMed:19141540, PubMed:19248771, PubMed:20484466, PubMed:21664385, PubMed:23303127, PubMed:23820903, PubMed:25847991}.; [Isoform Beta]: Acts as a dominant negative inhibitor of isoform Alpha (PubMed:7769088, PubMed:8621628, PubMed:20484466). Has intrinsic transcriptional activity independent of isoform Alpha when both isoforms are coexpressed (PubMed:19248771, PubMed:26711253). Loses this transcription modulator function on its own (PubMed:20484466). Has no hormone-binding activity (PubMed:8621628). May play a role in controlling glucose metabolism by maintaining insulin sensitivity (By similarity). Reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis through down-regulation of PEPCK in an isoform Alpha-dependent manner (PubMed:26711253). Directly regulates STAT1 expression in isoform Alpha-independent manner (PubMed:26711253). {UniProtKB:P06537, PubMed:19248771, PubMed:20484466, PubMed:26711253, PubMed:7769088, PubMed:8621628}.; [Isoform Alpha-2]: Has lower transcriptional activation activity than isoform Alpha. Exerts a dominant negative effect on isoform Alpha trans-repression mechanism (PubMed:20484466).; [Isoform GR-P]: Increases activity of isoform Alpha. {PubMed:11358809}.; [Isoform Alpha-B]: More effective than isoform Alpha in transcriptional activation, but not repression activity. {PubMed:11435610, PubMed:15866175}.; [Isoform 10]: Has transcriptional activation activity. {PubMed:20484466}.; [Isoform Alpha-C1]: Has transcriptional activation activity. {PubMed:15866175}.; [Isoform Alpha-C2]: Has transcriptional activation activity. {PubMed:15866175}.; [Isoform Alpha-C3]: Has highest transcriptional activation activity of all isoforms created by alternative initiation (PubMed:15866175, PubMed:23820903). Has transcriptional repression activity (PubMed:23303127). Mediates glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis (PubMed:23303127, PubMed:23820903). {PubMed:15866175, PubMed:23303127, PubMed:23820903}.; [Isoform Alpha-D1]: Has transcriptional activation activity. {PubMed:15866175}.; [Isoform Alpha-D2]: Has transcriptional activation activity. {PubMed:15866175}.; [Isoform Alpha-D3]: Has lowest transcriptional activation activity of all isoforms created by alternative initiation (PubMed:15866175, PubMed:23820903). Has transcriptional repression activity (PubMed:23303127). {PubMed:15866175, PubMed:23303127, PubMed:23820903}.

This antibody has been used successfully in Western blot assays (1:500-1:1000 dilution) to identify human glucocorticoid receptor. Other applications are under investigation.