Active PAD4, Human Recombinant

Protein arginine deiminases (PADs) are a family of guanidine-modifying enzymes that catalyze the post-translational modification of target proteins by converting arginine to citrulline. Excessive citrullination of proteins may result in disease states. PAD4 (also known as PADI5) is expressed in neutrophils and in a variety of tissues. PAD4 is known to citrullinate histones, which initiates chromatin decondensation in neutrophils and the subsequent release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which leads to a lytic form of cell death known as NETosis. The presence of serum PAD4 autoantibodies has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis.