Pentraxin 3/TSG-14 Polyclonal Antibody

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), TSG-14, was initially identified as a TNF-alpha or Il-1 beta inducible gene. It belongs to the pentraxin family, which was named originally for the homo-pentameric structure formed by its members. The pentraxin family is divided into two subfamilies: the “short” and the “long” pentraxins with approximate molecular weights of 25 kDa and 50 kDa, respectively. TSG-14 is a member of the long pentraxin subfamily, which also includes the Xenopus laevis Xl-PXN1, the guinea pig apexin/p50, the rat neuronal pentraxin I (NPI) and NPR, the human neuronal pentraxin II (NPTX2) and the human neuronal activity-related pentraxin.Mature secreted TSG-14 contains a pentaxin-like domain at its carboxy-terminus that shares 23-28% amino acid (aa) sequence similarity to C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P component (SAP), which belongs to the short pentraxin subfamily. However, the N-terminal sequence of TSG-14 does not share aa sequence homology with any of the “short” pentaxins. Unlike CRP and SAP, which forms pentamers only, TSG-14 forms both pentameric and higher ordered oligomers. Similarly to CRP and SAP, TSG-14 binds to the complement cascade component C1q. However, TSG-14 does not bind to phosphoethanolamine, phosphocholine, or high pyruvate agarose, which are known ligands for CRP and SAP. TSG-14 is a marker of the acute phase response and is highly expressed in advanced atherosclerotic plaques. While CRP and SAP are primarily produced in the liver, TSG-14 expression is strongly up regulated by TNF-alpha, Il-1 beta, and bacterial lPS in peripheral fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages.

Tsg; PTX; Tsg14; Ptx3; alpha-induced protein 5; long; pentaxin-related gene; Pentaxin-related protein PTX3; Pentraxin 3; pentraxin-3; pentraxin-related gene; pentraxin-related protein PTX3; rapidly induced by IL-1 beta; TNF alpha-induced protein 5; TNFAIP5; TSG-14; tumor necrosis factor