L-Glutamic acid (Standard)

L-Glutamic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutamic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutamic acid is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid can be used in the study of neurological diseases[1][2][3][4][5]. IC50 & Target:DA[1]. In Vitro: L-Glutamic acid (120, 500, 750, 1000 mg/dL) can reduce the harmful effect of lithium on the embryonic development of Xenopus Xenopus[3]. L-Glutamic acid (2, 5, 10, 20 mM, 24-48 h) can induce neuroexcitotoxicity in neuroblastoma[4]. In Vivo: L-Glutamic acid (3 g/kg, subcutaneous injection) can promote excitotoxic degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in mice[1]. L-Glutamic acid (750 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) can reduce and inhibit oxidative stress induced by chlorpyrifos (CPF) in rats[5].

[1] Liberatore F, et al. Permissive role for mGlu1 metabotropic glutamate receptors in excitotoxic retinal degeneration. Neuroscience. 2017 Nov 5;363:142-149.|[2]Giorguieff MF, et al. Presynaptic effect of L-glutamic acid on the release of dopamine in rat striatal slices. Neurosci Lett. 1977 Oct;6(1):73-7.|[3]Boga Pekmezekmek A, et al. L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt reduces the harmful effect of lithium on the development of Xenopus laevis embryos. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Nov;27(33):42124-42132.|[4]Croce N, et al. Hydrochloric acid alters the effect of L-glutamic acid on cell viability in human neuroblastoma cell cultures. J Neurosci Methods. 2013 Jul 15;217(1-2):26-30.|[5]Salyha N, et al. Protective role of l-glutamic acid and l-cysteine in mitigation the chlorpyrifos-induced oxidative stress in rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2018 Dec;64:155-163.