5 (Z),11 (Z),14 (Z) -Eicosatrienoic acid

5 (Z),11 (Z),14 (Z) -Eicosatrienoic acid (Sciadonic acid), a polyunsaturated fatty acid sourced from maritime pine seed oil, gymnospermae leaves and seeds, and freshwater gastropods, has been shown to reduce high-density lipoprotein and ApoA1 levels in transgenic mice expressing human ApoA1 when included in their diet. In vitro studies indicate that it diminishes cholesterol efflux, and when applied topically in its methyl ester form, it alleviates inflammatory processes, likely by displacing arachidonic acid from phospholipid pools and lowering concentrations of downstream inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandin E2 and leukotrienes.