IL-1 alpha, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, Avi)

IL-1 alpha is a ubiquitous and pivotal pro-inflammatory cytokine. IL-1 alpha is produced by monocytes and macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed and released in response to cell injury, and thus induces apoptosis. IL-1 alpha plays an important role in inflammation and bridges the innate and adaptive immune systems. IL-1 alpha mediates the activation of NF-kappa-B and the three MAPK pathways p38, p42/p44 and JNK pathways[1][2]. IL-1 alpha protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, Avi) is a biotinylated recombinant protein with Avi label that consists of 159 amino acids (S113-A271) and is produced by E. coli.

SAPFSFLSNV KYNFMRIIKY EFILNDALNQ SIIRANDQYL TAAALHNLDE AVKFDMGAYK SSKDDAKITV ILRISKTQLY VTAQDEDQPV LLKEMPEIPK TITGSETNLL FFWETHGTKN YFTSVAHPNL FIATKQDYWV CLAGGPPSIT DFQILENQA

[1]Cavalli G, et al. Interleukin 1α: a comprehensive review on the role of IL-1α in the pathogenesis and treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Autoimmun Rev. 2021 Mar;20(3):102763.|[2]Wu T, et al. Involvement of p38 and p42/44 MAP kinases and protein kinase C in the interferon-gamma and interleukin-1alpha-induced phosphorylation of 85-kDa cytosolic phospholipase A(2) in primary human bronchial epithelial cells. Cytokine. 2004 Jan 7;25(1):11-20.|[3]Um JY, et al. Functional polymorphism of IL-1 alpha and its potential role in obesity in humans and mice. PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e29524.|[4]Guo C, et al. IL-1α induces apoptosis and inhibits the osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells through the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways. Int J Mol Med. 2016 Jul;38(1):319-27.|[5]Malik A,et al. Function and regulation of IL-1α in inflammatory diseases and cancer. Immunol Rev. 2018 Jan;281(1):124-137.