L-Cystine

L-Cystine is an orally active extracellular form of L-Cysteine (HY-Y0337), occurring in proteins of plants and animals. L-Cystine elevates Nrf2 protein expression and activates Nrf2 transcription factor. L-cystine reduces ROS generation and protects against oxidant- or Doxorubicin (HY-15142A) -induced apoptosis. L-Cystine combined with L-theanine (HY-15121) enhances the production of antigen-specific IgG by increasing glutathione (GSH) levels and T helper 2 (Th2) mediated responses in mice. L-Cystine is promising for research of cystinuria and kidney stones[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[56-89-3]

UNSPSC

12352211

Hazard Statement

H302, H315, H319, H335

Target

Endogenous Metabolite; Ferroptosis; Keap1-Nrf2; Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) ; ROS Kinase

Type

Natural Products

Related Pathways

Apoptosis; Immunology/Inflammation; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; NF-κB; Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK

Applications

Metabolism-protein/nucleotide metabolism

Field of Research

Cancer; Metabolic Disease; Inflammation/Immunology

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/L-Cystine.html

Purity

99.84

Solubility

0.1 M HCl : 2.5 mg/mL (ultrasonic; adjust pH to 2 with HCl) |0.1 M NaOH : 3.33 mg/mL (ultrasonic; warming; adjust pH to 11 with NaOH; heat to 70°C) |DMSO : < 1 mg/mL|H2O : 33.33 mg/mL (ultrasonic; adjust pH to 11 with 1 M NaOH)

Smiles

N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(O)=O)N)C(O)=O

Molecular Formula

C6H12N2O4S2

Molecular Weight

240.30

Precautions

H302, H315, H319, H335

References & Citations

[1]Ohtsu I, et al. Uptake of L-cystine via an ABC transporter contributes defense of oxidative stress in the L-cystine export-dependent manner in Escherichia coli. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 2;10 (3) :e0120619.|[2]Abdullah M, et al. Extracellular Concentration of L-Cystine Determines the Sensitivity to System xc- Inhibitors[J]. Biomol Ther (Seoul) . 2022 Mar 1;30 (2) :184-190. |[3]Kurihara S, et al. Enhancement of antigen-specific immunoglobulin G production in mice by co-administration of L-cystine and L-theanine[J]. J Vet Med Sci. 2007 Dec;69 (12) :1263-70.|[4]Dominique Bazin, et al. Cystinuria and cystinosis are usually related to L-cystine: is this really the case for cystinosis? A physicochemical investigation at micrometre and nanometre scale. Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 25 (2022) no. S1, pp. 489-502. |[5]Greth WE, et al. Cellular accumulation of L-cystine in rat kidney cortex in vivo[J]. J Clin Invest. 1973 Feb;52 (2) :454-62.|[6]Dai W, et al. Fresh Medium or L-Cystine as an Effective Nrf2 Inducer for Cytoprotection in Cell Culture[J]. Cells. 2023 Jan 12;12 (2) :291.