Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) (Human) ELISA Kit

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is an alditol phosphate-containing polymer that is anchored to the membrane via glycolipid. LTA is found only on the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria. Upon stimulation by cationic peptides and lysozymes of leukocytes or β-lactam antibiotics, it is released from bacterial cells via bacteriolysis. LTA binds to target cells via either membrane phospholipids or CD14 and TLR2, thus resulting in the release of reactive oxygen species, bactericidal peptides, and proinflammatory cytokines and amplifying cell damage. Target cell-bound LTA can also bind to circulating antibodies and activate the complement cascade, resulting in a passive immune kill phenomenon. LTA is implicated in the pathophysiology of inflammation and postinfectious sequelae such as septic shock, adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), thus indicating that it is the major virulence factor in Gram-positive bacterial infections. BioVision’s Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) (Human) ELISA kit is based on the Sandwich ELISA principle to quantitatively measure the concentration of LTA in human serum, plasma, and other biological fluids. Test samples, Standards, and Biotinylated Detection antibody are added to the wells pre-coated with capture antibody and then washed with Wash Buffer. The HRP-Streptavidin is added and any unattached conjugates are washed off using Wash Buffer. The HRP enzymatic reaction is detected by the addition of TMB-substrate. Finally, the reaction is terminated with an acidic stop solution. The color developed is directly proportional to the concentration of LTA in the sample or standard.