Acefylline

Acefylline is a xanthine derivative which acts as potential Peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) activator. It increases the in vitro deimination of filaggrin by PAD1 and PAD3 at a concentration of 200 μM. It enhances deimination in the stratum corneum which is essential for epidermal photoprotection and moisturizing of the stratum corneum. Acefylline is also a bronchodilator, which inhibits rat lung cAMP phosphodiesterase isoenzymes.