Human Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Recombinant

Tumor Necrosis Factor is secreted by macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, T-cells, and NK- cells following their stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharides. Cells expressing CD4 secrete TNF-alpha while CD8 (+) cells secrete little or no TNF-alpha. Stimulated peripheral neutrophilic granulocytes but also unstimulated cells and also a number of transformed cell lines, astrocytes, microglial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts also secrete TNF. Human milk also contains this factor. The synthesis of TNF-alpha is induced by many different stimuli including interferons, IL-2, GM-CSF, SP, Bradykinin, Immune complexes, inhibitors of cyclooxygenase and PAF (platelet activating factor) . Human TNF-alpha is a non-glycosylated protein of 17 kDa and a length of 157 amino acids. Murine TNF-alpha is N-glycosylated. Homology with TNF-beta is approximately 30%. TNF-alpha forms dimers and trimers.

A quick mix of the vial followed by reconstitution in distilled water to concentration not less than 0.1 mg/ml. This solution can then be diluted into other buffers.

The lyophilized protein is stable for at least 2 years from date of receipt when stored at -20°C. Upon reconstitution, store in working aliquots at +4°C for up to one month, or at -20°C for up to six months, in the presence of a carrier protein. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.