Carbocisteine

Carbocisteine is an orally active mucolytic agent. Carbocisteine attenuates the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and ERK1/2. Carbocisteine modulates Nrf2/HO-1 and NFκB interplay. Carbocisteine inhibits Apoptosis. Carbocisteine is used in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[638-23-3]

Product Name Alternative

Carbocysteine

UNSPSC

12352211

Hazard Statement

H302, H315, H319, H335

Target

Apoptosis; Keap1-Nrf2; NF-κB; PERK

Type

Reference compound

Related Pathways

Apoptosis; Cell Cycle/DNA Damage; NF-κB

Applications

COVID-19-immunoregulation

Field of Research

Infection; Inflammation/Immunology

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/carbocisteine.html

Purity

99.79

Solubility

H2O : 2 mg/mL (ultrasonic; warming; heat to 60°C)

Smiles

N[C@@H](CSCC(O)=O)C(O)=O

Molecular Formula

C5H9NO4S

Molecular Weight

179.19

Precautions

H302, H315, H319, H335

References & Citations

[1]Paola Rogliani, et al. Efficacy and safety profile of mucolytic/antioxidant agents in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a comparative analysis across erdosteine, carbocysteine, and N-acetylcysteine. Respir Res. 2019 May 27;20 (1) :104.|[2]Yageta Y, et al. Carbocisteine reduces virus-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2014 May;50 (5) :963-73.|[3]Inoue M, et al. Carbocisteine promotes phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by alveolar macrophages. Eur J Pharmacol. 2012 Feb 29;677 (1-3) :173-9.|[4]Wang W, et al. Carbocisteine attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced inflammatory injury in A549 cells via NF-κB and ERK1/2 MAPK pathways. Int Immunopharmacol. 2015 Feb;24 (2) :306-313.|[5]Yamaya M, et al. Inhibitory effects of carbocisteine on type A seasonal influenza virus infection in human airway epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2010 Aug;299 (2) :L160-8. |[6]Hanaoka M, et al. Carbocisteine protects against emphysema induced by cigarette smoke extract in rats. Chest. 2011 May;139 (5) :1101-1108. |[7]Abdelhamid AM, et al. Carbocisteine as a Modulator of Nrf2/HO-1 and NFκB Interplay in Rats: New Inspiration for the Revival of an Old Drug for Treating Ulcerative Colitis. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jun 8;13:887233. |[8]Song Y, et al. Carbocisteine inhibits the expression of Muc5b in COPD mouse model. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019 Sep 16;13:3259-3268. |[9]Song Y, et al. A mucoactive drug carbocisteine ameliorates steroid resistance in rat COPD model. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Aug;39:38-47. |[10]Ishibashi Y, et al. Effects of carbocisteine on altered activities of glycosidase and glycosyltransferase and expression of Muc5ac in SO2-exposed rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 Mar 8;487 (1-3) :7-15. |[11]Song Y, et al. Carbocysteine restores steroid sensitivity by targeting histone deacetylase 2 in a thiol/GSH-dependent manner. Pharmacol Res. 2015 Jan;91:88-98. |[12]Yoshida M, et al. Carbocisteine inhibits oxidant-induced apoptosis in cultured human airway epithelial cells. Respirology. 2009 Sep;14 (7) :1027-34.|[13]Wang W, et al. Carbocisteine attenuates TNF-α-induced inflammation in human alveolar epithelial cells in vitro through suppressing NF-κB and ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathways. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2016 May;37 (5) :629-36.