Anti-gamma-Tubulin Purified

The gamma-tubulin (TUBG1; relative molecular weight about 48 kDa) is a minor member of tubulin family (less that 0.01% of tubulin dimer) . The gamma-tubulin ring structures, however, serve to provide structural primer for initiation of microtubular nucleation and growth, thereby being crutial for microtubule-based cellular processes, above all for mitotic spindle formation. In animal cells, a center of microtubule organization is the centrosome composed of a pair of cylindrical centrioles surrounded by fibrous pericentriolar material containing gamma-tubulin. Formation of the mitotic spindle is preceded by duplication of centrosome during S phase. Before mitosis, both centrosomes increase their microtubule nucleation capacity and form two microtuble asters that are pushed apart from each other by the forces of motor proteins associated at the microtubule surface. Humans possess two gamma-tubulin genes. Gamma-tubulin 1 represents a ubiquitous isotype, whereas gamma-tubulin 2 is found predominantly in the brain, where it may be endowed with divergent functions beyond microtubule nucleation.

Product Specifications

Certification

RUO

Reactivity

Protozoa, Chicken, Cow, Rat, Mouse, Pig, Human, Plants

Immunogen

C-terminal peptide of gamma-tubulin counjugated to KLH.

Target Antigen

Gamma-Tubulin

Clone

TU-30

Applications

ICC, WB, FC-IC

Concentration

1 mg/mL

Format

Purified

Buffer

Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide

References & Citations

*Černohorská M, Sulimenko V, Hájková Z, Sulimenko T, Sládková V, Vinopal S, Dráberová E, Dráber P: GIT1/β PIX signaling proteins and PAK1 kinase regulate microtubule nucleation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 Jun;1863 (6 Pt A) :1282-97., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27012601 , *Katsetos CD, Reddy G, Dráberová E, Smejkalová B, Del Valle L, Ashraf Q, Tadevosyan A, Yelin K, Maraziotis T, Mishra OP, Mörk S, Legido A, Nissanov J, Baas PW, de Chadarévian JP, Dráber P: Altered cellular distribution and subcellular sorting of gamma-tubulin in diffuse astrocytic gliomas and human glioblastoma cell lines. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2006 May;65 (5) :465-77., URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16772870?ordina, *Dráberová E, Sulimenko V, Vinopal S, Sulimenko T, Sládková V, D'Agostino L, Sobol M, Hozák P, Křen L, Katsetos CD, Dráber P: Differential expression of human γ -tubulin isotypes during neuronal development and oxidative stress points to a γ -tubulin-2 prosurvival function. FASEB J. 2017 May;31 (5) :1828-1846., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28119396 , *Novakova M, Draberova E, Schurmann W, Czihak G, Viklicky V, Draber P: gamma-Tubulin redistribution in taxol-treated mitotic cells probed by monoclonal antibodies. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton. 1996;33 (1) :38-51. , URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10715328?dopt=, *Libusova L, Sulimenko T, Sulimenko V, Hozak P, Draber P: gamma-Tubulin in Leishmania: cell cycle-dependent changes in subcellular localization and heterogeneity of its isoforms. Exp Cell Res. 2004 May 1;295 (2) :375-86., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15093737?dopt=, *Binarova P, Cenklova V, Hause B, Kubatova E, Lysak M, Dolezel J, Bogre L, Draber P: Nuclear gamma-tubulin during acentriolar plant mitosis. Plant Cell. 2000 Mar;12 (3) :433-42., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10715328?dopt=, *Klebanovych A, Sládková V, Sulimenko T, Vosecká V, Čapek M, Dráberová E, Dráber P, Sulimenko V: Regulation of microtubule nucleation in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells by protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1. Cells 2019 Apr 11;8 (4) :345., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30979083/

Other References

*Wiese C, Zheng Y: Microtubule nucleation: gamma-tubulin and beyond. J Cell Sci. 2006 Oct 15;119 (Pt 20) :4143-53., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17038541?ordin, *Haren L, Remy MH, Bazin I, Callebaut I, Wright M, Merdes A. NEDD1-dependent recruitment of the gamma-tubulin ring complex to the centrosome is necessary for centriole duplication and spindle assembly. J Cell Biol. 2006 Feb 13;172 (4) :505-15., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16461362?ordin, *Sulimenko V, Dráberová E, Sulimenko T, Macurek L, Richterová V, Dráber P, Dráber P: Regulation of microtubule formation in activated mast cells by complexes of gamma-tubulin with Fyn and Syk kinases. J Immunol. 2006 Jun 15;176 (12) :7243-53., URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16751367?ordina, *Wiese C, Zheng Y: Microtubule nucleation: gamma-tubulin and beyond. J Cell Sci. 2006 Oct 15;119 (Pt 20) :4143-53., URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17038541?ordina, *Draberova L, Draberova E, Surviladze Z, Draber P, Draber P: Protein tyrosine kinase p53/p56 (lyn) forms complexes with gamma-tubulin in rat basophilic leukemia cells. Int Immunol. 1999 Nov;11 (11) :1829-39. , URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10545487?dopt=, *Haren L, Remy MH, Bazin I, Callebaut I, Wright M, Merdes A. NEDD1-dependent recruitment of the gamma-tubulin ring complex to the centrosome is necessary for centriole duplication and spindle assembly. J Cell Biol. 2006 Feb 13;172 (4) :505-15., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16461362?ordin

Storage Conditions

Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.

Specificity

The antibody TU-30 recognizes C-terminus (amino acids 434-449 in human) of gamma-tubulin, a 48 kDa structural constituent of cytoskeleton and microtubule organizing center (MTOC) . The epitope was located in the amino acid sequence TRPDYI (aa439-444 in human), which is present on human gamma-tubulin 1 but not on human gamma-tubulin 2.

Applications Notes

Immunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 1-2 μg/ml. Staining technique: (a) Fix cells for 10 min in methanol at -20°C and for 6 min in acetone at -20°C; (b) Fix cells directly in methanol for 10 min at -20°C or in acetone for 10 min at -20°C. Positive control: P-19 murine embryonal carcinoma cell line, 3T3 murine fibroblasts. The antibody TU-30 stains only fixed cells.Western blotting: Recommended dilution 1-2 μg/ml, reducing conditions.