Interleukin-35/IL-35

Interleukin-35 is a newest and potent suppressive cytokine of the IL-12 family. Unlike other members of the IL-12 family which are produced mainly by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), IL-35 has been identified as a potentially immunosuppressive cytokine primarily produced by regulatory T (Treg) cells, and to a lesser extent by activated dendritic cells and macrophages. IL-35 is composed of the IL-12 p35 subunit and the IL-27 Epstein–Barr virus-induced protein 3 (EBI3) subunit. IL-35 plays an important role in many disease models and has been recently shown to have additional functions aside from inhibition of proliferation, including inducing its own expression in non-Treg cells.