Anti-Phospho-TAO2 (Ser181) TAOK2 Antibody

In vitro, TAO (thousand and one amino acid) protein kinase 2 (TAO2) activates MAP/ERK kinases (MEKs) 3, 4, and 6 toward their substrates p38 MAP kinase JNK/SAPK (Chen et al., 1999; Chen and Cobb, 2001) . This and more recent work has led to the proposal that the TAO protein kinases play an essential role in signaling from physiological agonists to the stress-responsive p38 MAPKs (Chen et al., 2003) . Autophosphorylation of TAO may play a role in the mechanism of TAO activation. The MEK binding domain of TAO is autophosphorylated on both serine and threonine residues and Ser-181 is located within this domain.

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Synthetic phospho-peptide corresponding to amino acid residues surrounding Ser181 of human TAO2, conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) . Immunogen species is Human.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in different processes such as membrane blebbing and apoptotic bodies formation DNA damage response and MAPK14/p38 MAPK stress-activated MAPK cascade. Phosphorylates itself, MBP, activated MAPK8, MAP2K3, MAP2K6 and tubulins. Activates the MAPK14/p38 MAPK signaling pathway through the specific activation and phosphorylation of the upstream MAP2K3 and MAP2K6 kinases. In response to DNA damage, involved in the G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint by activating the p38/MAPK14 stress-activated MAPK cascade, probably by mediating phosphorylation of upstream MAP2K3 and MAP2K6 kinases. Isoform 1, but not isoform 2, plays a role in apoptotic morphological changes, including cell contraction, membrane blebbing and apoptotic bodies formation. This function, which requires the activation of MAPK8/JNK and nuclear localization of C-terminally truncated isoform 1, may be linked to the mitochondrial CASP9-associated death pathway. Isoform 1 binds to microtubules and affects their organization and stability independently of its kinase activity. Prevents MAP3K7-mediated activation of CHUK, and thus NF-kappa-B activation, but not that of MAPK8/JNK. May play a role in the osmotic stress-MAPK8 pathway. Isoform 2, but not isoform 1, is required for PCDH8 endocytosis. Following homophilic interactions between PCDH8 extracellular domains, isoform 2 phosphorylates and activates MAPK14/p38 MAPK which in turn phosphorylates isoform 2. This process leads to PCDH8 endocytosis and CDH2 cointernalization. Both isoforms are involved in MAPK14 phosphorylation.

Storage at -20°C is recommended, as aliquots may be taken without freeze/thawing due to presence of 50% glycerol. Stable for at least 1 year at -20°C. After date of receipt, stable for at least 1 year at -20°C.

Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Nucleus. Catalytically active full-length phosphorylated isoform 1 localizes to microtubules in the cytoplasm predominantly on microtubule cables positioned around the nucleus. A C-terminally truncated form of isoform 1 is present in the nucleus; isoform 2 and kinase-defective, as well as full- length isoform 1 are excluded from the nucleus.