Sanguinarine

Sanguinarine is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that inhibits PP2C and shows selectivity for PP2C over PP1, PP2A, and PP2B in vitro. It inhibits MKP-1 with an IC₅₀ of 10 μM and shows selectivity for MKP-1 over MKP-3. It is a potent suppressor of NF-κB activation and inhibits the TNF-dependent activation of NF-κB in a dose-dependent manner, with maximum effect occurring at 10 μM. It shows cytotoxicity toward human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL60, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.37 μM.