Alpha Synuclein Antibody (Aggregate-Specific), Clone 2F11

Alpha-synuclein (SNCA) is a presynaptic neuronal protein abundantly expressed in the brain, particularly within the olfactory bulb, hippocampus, striatum, and thalamus (1,2) . Localized to both synaptic terminals and mitochondria, alpha-synuclein plays a critical role in synaptic vesicle regulation and cytoskeletal dynamics through its interaction with tubulin (3), suggesting a potential function as a microtubule-associated protein. It is also essential for cognitive development, with SNCA inactivation linked to deficits in spatial learning and working memory (4) . Pathologically, alpha-synuclein aggregates are a defining feature of several neurodegenerative diseases. These fibrillar inclusions constitute the major non-Aβ component of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer’s disease and are the principal constituents of Lewy bodies in Parkinson’s disease (PD) . In PD, progressive accumulation of alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin-positive inclusions in dopaminergic neurons is closely associated with motor and cognitive decline (5,6) . Alpha-synuclein aggregation is not merely a byproduct of disease but a driver of neurotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and synaptic failure. Its central role in disease pathogenesis has made it a high-priority target for biomarker development and therapeutic intervention. Covered by US patent family US11,098,108B2 (7) .

Alpha Synuclein, α-Synuclein, SNCA, Snca, SYN, alphaSYN, NACP, Non-A beta component of AD amyloid, Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor, Parkinson disease familial 1, PARK1, PARK 1, PARK4, PARK 4, Parkinson disease (autosomal dominant, Lewy body) 4, Lewy body 4, Synuclein-alpha, PD1

A 1:1000 dilution of SMC-617 was sufficient for detection of Alpha Synuclein aggregates in 15 µg of human brain cell lysate by ECL immunoblot analysis using goat anti-mouse IgG:HRP as the secondary antibody.

1. “Genetics Home Reference: SNCA”. US National Library of Medicine. (2013). 2. Zhang L., et al. (2008) Brain Res. 1244: 40-52. 3. Alim M.A., et al. (2002) J Biol Chem. 277(3): 2112-2117. 4. Kokhan V.S., Afanasyeva M.A., Van'kin G. (2012) Behav. Brain. Res. 231(1): 226-230. 5. Spillantini M.G., et al. (1997) Nature. 388(6645): 839-840. 6. Mezey E., et al. (1998) Nat Med. 4(7): 755-757. 7. Louwrier, A. US Patent family US11,098,108 B2

This antibody binds a 3-dimensional fibrillar epitope of alpha synuclein (including AA101-120, AA61-80), present in MSA (Multiple System Atrophy) aggregates in human brain samples. It does not appear to detect PD (Parkinson's disease) or PDLB (Parkinson's disease with Lewy Bodies) aggregate structures in human brain samples. It can, however, bind recombinant human PFFs and mouse PFFs.

1. “Genetics Home Reference: SNCA”. US National Library of Medicine. (2013) . 2. Zhang L., et al. (2008) Brain Res. 1244: 40-52. 3. Alim M.A., et al. (2002) J Biol Chem. 277 (3) : 2112-2117. 4. Kokhan V.S., Afanasyeva M.A., Van'kin G. (2012) Behav. Brain. Res. 231 (1) : 226-230. 5. Spillantini M.G., et al. (1997) Nature. 388 (6645) : 839-840. 6. Mezey E., et al. (1998) Nat Med. 4 (7) : 755-757. 7. Louwrier, A. US Patent family US11,098,108 B2