Pholedrine (hydrochloride)

Pholedrine hydrochloride, the main metabolite of methamphetamine, is an indirectly acting sympathomimetic amine. Pholedrine hydrochloride is a cardiovascular agent exerting hypertensive and adrenergic effects. Pholedrine hydrochloride can produce mydriatic response and allow localization of the site of the interruption in the oculosympathetic pathway. Pholedrine hydrochloride can be used as a topical eye drop and a diagnostic agent for use in Horner's syndrome[1][2][3].

[1]Peinhardt GP. High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of pholedrine in human serum using ion-pair extraction and amperometric detection. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1999 Apr 16;726(1-2):309-12.|[2]A T Bates, et al. Pholedrine: a substitute for hydroxyamphetamine as a diagnostic eyedrop test in Horner's syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1995 Feb;58(2):215-7.|[3]Richard Bade, et al. Pholedrine is a marker of direct disposal of methamphetamine. Sci Total Environ. 2021 Aug 15;782:146839.