Smad3 (phospho Thr179) rabbit pAb

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the SMAD, a family of proteins similar to the gene products of the Drosophila gene 'mothers against decapentaplegic' (Mad) and the C. elegans gene Sma. SMAD proteins are signal transducers and transcriptional modulators that mediate multiple signaling pathways. This protein functions as a transcriptional modulator activated by transforming growth factor-beta and is thought to play a role in the regulation of carcinogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]

Cytoplasm . Nucleus . Cytoplasmic and nuclear in the absence of TGF-beta. On TGF-beta stimulation, migrates to the nucleus when complexed with SMAD4 (PubMed:15799969, PubMed:21145499) . Through the action of the phosphatase PPM1A, released from the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, and exported out of the nucleus by interaction with RANBP1 (PubMed:16751101, PubMed:19289081) . Co-localizes with LEMD3 at the nucleus inner membrane (PubMed:15601644) . MAPK-mediated phosphorylation appears to have no effect on nuclear import (PubMed:19218245) . PDPK1 prevents its nuclear translocation in response to TGF-beta (PubMed:17327236) . Localized mainly to the nucleus in the early stages of embryo development with expression becoming evident in the cytoplasm of the inner cell mass at the blastocyst stage (By similarity)

SMAD3; MADH3; Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3; MAD homolog 3; Mad3; Mothers against DPP homolog 3; hMAD-3; JV15-2; SMAD family member 3; SMAD 3; Smad3; hSMAD3