IL-1β rabbit pAb

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE) . This cytokine is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2/COX2) by this cytokine in the central nervous system (CNS) is found to contribute to inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. This gene and eight other interleukin 1 family genes form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Cytoplasm, cytosol . Secreted . Lysosome . Secreted, extracellular exosome . The precursor is cytosolic (PubMed:15192144) . In response to inflammasome-activating signals, such as ATP for NLRP3 inflammasome or bacterial flagellin for NLRC4 inflammasome, cleaved and secreted (PubMed:24201029, PubMed:33377178, PubMed:33883744) . Mature form is secreted and released in the extracellular milieu by passing through the gasdermin-D (GSDMD) pore (PubMed:33883744) . In contrast, the precursor form is not released, due to the presence of an acidic region that is proteolytically removed by CASP1 during maturation (PubMed:33883744) . The secretion is dependent on protein unfolding and facilitated by the cargo receptor TMED10 (PubMed:32272059) . .