24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol

24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC), the major brain cholesterol metabolite, plays an important role to maintain homeostasis of cholesterol in the brain. 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC) is one of the most efficient endogenous LXR agonist known and is present in the brain and in the circulation at relatively high levels. 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC) is a very potent, direct, and selective positive allosteric modulator of NMDARs with a mechanism that does not overlapthat of other allosteric modulators[1][2][3].

[1]Yuki Kimura, et al. Tocopherol suppresses 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol-induced cell death via inhibition of CaMKII phosphorylation. Biochimie. 2018 Oct;153:203-209.|[2]M Shafaati, et al. Enhanced production of 24S-hydroxycholesterol is not sufficient to drive liver X receptor target genes in vivo. J Intern Med. 2011 Oct;270(4):377-87.|[3]Steven M Paul, et al. The major brain cholesterol metabolite 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol is a potent allosteric modulator of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. J Neurosci. 2013 Oct 30;33(44):17290-300.|[4]Ishikawa M, et al. 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol protects the ex vivo rat retina from injury by elevated hydrostatic pressure. Sci Rep. 2016 Sep 22;6:33886.