Gramicidin S

Gramicidin S (Gramicidin soviet) is a cationic cyclic peptide antibiotic that selectively targets bacterial cell membranes and has anticancer activity. Gramicidin S also exerts antibacterial activity by destroying membrane integrity and interfering with membrane protein function. Gramicidin S inserts into the phospholipid bilayer through hydrophobic amino acid residues, specifically binds to negatively charged membrane lipids and disrupts membrane structure, thereby inhibiting cell division and cell wall synthesis, and ultimately causing bacterial death. Gramicidin S also inhibits ion channels, with IC50s of 41 μM, 24 μM, and 3 μM for Na+/K+-ATPase, tobacco leaf plasma membrane Mg2+/K+-ATPase, and rat heart plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase, respectively[1][2][3].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[113-73-5]

Product Name Alternative

Gramicidin soviet

UNSPSC

12352209

Target

Antibiotic; Bacterial; Na+/K+ ATPase

Type

Peptides

Related Pathways

Anti-infection; Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel

Applications

COVID-19-immunoregulation

Field of Research

Infection

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/gramicidin-s.html

Purity

99.89

Solubility

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (ultrasonic)

Smiles

O=C1N2[C@](CCC2)([H])C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](C(N3[C@](CCC3)([H])C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H]1CC4=CC=CC=C4)=O)CC(C)C)=O)CCCN)=O)C(C)C)=O)=O)CC5=CC=CC=C5)=O)CC(C)C)=O)CCCN)=O)C(C)C)=O

Molecular Formula

C60H92N12O10

Molecular Weight

1141.45

References & Citations

[1]Mogi T, et al. Gramicidin S and polymyxins: the revival of cationic cyclic peptide antibiotics. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009 Dec;66 (23) :3821-6.|[2]Wenzel M, et al. The Multifaceted Antibacterial Mechanisms of the Pioneering Peptide Antibiotics Tyrocidine and Gramicidin S. mBio. 2018 Oct 9;9 (5) :e00802-18.|[3]Okamoto K, et al. Inhibitory effect of gramicidin S on the growth of murine tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Oncology. 1984;41 (1) :43-8.