(-) -Limonene

(-) -Limonene ((S) - (-) -Limonene) is orally active and can cause mild bronchoconstriction. (-) -Limonene alleviates cytosolic and mitochondrial oxidative stress by inhibiting the increase of calcium ions (Ca2+) and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) . It also exerts anti-stress effects by inhibiting the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Additionally, (-) -Limonene can be used as an antibacterial agent in aquaculture[1][2][3][4].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[5989-54-8]

Product Name Alternative

(S) - (-) -Limonene

UNSPSC

12352211

Hazard Statement

H226, H304, H317, H400

Target

Antibiotic; Bacterial; CaMK

Type

Natural Products

Related Pathways

Anti-infection; Neuronal Signaling

Applications

Neuroscience-Neuromodulation

Field of Research

Infection; Metabolic Disease; Cardiovascular Disease

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/_S_-_-_-Limonene.html

Purity

98.59

Solubility

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (ultrasonic) |H2O : 50 mg/mL (ultrasonic)

Smiles

CC1=CC[C@@H](C(C)=C)CC1

Molecular Formula

C10H16

Molecular Weight

136.24

Precautions

H226, H304, H317, H400

References & Citations

[1]Larsen ST, et al. Effects of R- (+) - and S- (-) -limonene on the respiratory tract in mice. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2000 Aug;19 (8) :457-66.|[2]da Silva E G, et al. In vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of S- (-) -limonene and R- (+) -limonene against fish bacteria[J]. Fishes, 2021, 6 (3) : 32.|[3]Zhou W, et al. Sub-chronic effects of s-limonene on brain neurotransmitter levels and behavior of rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) . 2009 Aug;55 (4) :367-73.|[4]Rhana P, et al. S-limonene protects the heart in an experimental model of myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol: Possible involvement of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Eur J Pharmacol. 2022 Sep 5;930:175134.