Complete Freund's Adjuvant

Freund's Adjuvant is one of the most commonly used adjuvants in research. It is used as a water-in-oil emulsion. It is prepared from non-metabolizable oils (paraffin oil and mannide monooleate) . If it also contains killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis it is known as Complete Freund's Adjuvant. Freund's Adjuvant is designed to provide continuous release of antigens necessary for stimulating a strong, persistent immune response. The main disadvantage of Freund's Adjuvant is that it can cause granulomas, inflammation at the inoculation site and lesions. The mycobacteria in Complete Freund's attracts macrophages and other cells to the injection site which enhances the immune response. The Complete Freund's Adjuvant is used for the initial injections.