Glycine

Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors. Glycine is orally active. Glycine can be used to study cell protection, cancer, neurological diseases, and angiogenesis[1][2][3][4][5][6].

[1]Johnson JW, et al. Glycine potentiates the NMDA response in cultured mouse brain neurons. Nature. 1987 Feb 5-11;325(6104):529-31.|[2]Fone KCF, et al. Comparative Pro-cognitive and Neurochemical Profiles of Glycine Modulatory Site Agonists and Glycine Reuptake Inhibitors in the Rat: Potential Relevance to Cognitive Dysfunction and Its Management. Mol Neurobiol. 2020 May;57(5):2144-2166. |[3]Bruns H, et al. Glycine inhibits angiogenesis in colorectal cancer: role of endothelial cells. Amino Acids. 2016 Nov;48(11):2549-2558. |[4]Borges JP, et al. Glycine inhibits NINJ1 membrane clustering to suppress plasma membrane rupture in cell death. Elife. 2022 Dec 5;11:e78609. |[5]Shafiekhani M, et al. Glycine supplementation mitigates lead-induced renal injury in mice. J Exp Pharmacol. 2019 Feb 18;11:15-22. |[6]Bannai M, et al. Oral administration of glycine increases extracellular serotonin but not dopamine in the prefrontal cortex of rats. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2011 Mar;65(2):142-9.