Recombinant Human Girdin (CCDC88A), partial

(Akt phosphorylation enhancer) (APE) (Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 88A) (G alpha-interacting vesicle-associated protein) (GIV) (Girders of actin filament) (Hook-related protein 1) (HkRP1)

Bifunctional modulator of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) . Acts as a non-receptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor which binds to and activates guanine nucleotide-binding protein G (i) alpha subunits . Also acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for guanine nucleotide-binding protein G (s) subunit alpha GNAS . Essential for cell migration . Interacts in complex with G (i) alpha subunits with the EGFR receptor, retaining EGFR at the cell membrane following ligand stimulation and promoting EGFR signaling which triggers cell migration . Binding to Gi-alpha subunits displaces the beta and gamma subunits from the heterotrimeric G-protein complex which enhances phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) -dependent phosphorylation and kinase activity of AKT1/PKB . Phosphorylation of AKT1/PKB induces the phosphorylation of downstream effectors GSK3 and FOXO1/FKHR, and regulates DNA replication and cell proliferation . Binds in its tyrosine-phosphorylated form to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) regulatory subunit PIK3R1 which enables recruitment of PIK3R1 to the EGFR receptor, enhancing PI3K activity and cell migration . Plays a role as a key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway, controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neuron integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation . Inhibition of G (s) subunit alpha GNAS leads to reduced cellular levels of cAMP and suppression of cell proliferation . Essential for the integrity of the actin cytoskeleton . Required for formation of actin stress fibers and lamellipodia . May be involved in membrane sorting in the early endosome . Plays a role in ciliogenesis and cilium morphology and positioning and this may partly be through regulation of the localization of scaffolding protein CROCC/Rootletin .

If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

"GIV/Girdin activates Galphai and inhibits Galphas via the same motif." Gupta V., Bhandari D., Leyme A., Aznar N., Midde K.K., Lo I.C., Ear J., Niesman I., Lopez-Sanchez I., Blanco-Canosa J.B., von Zastrow M., Garcia-Marcos M., Farquhar M.G., Ghosh P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 113:E5721-E5730 (2016)

The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself. Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.