Recombinant Rat Tumor Necrosis Factor/TNF-alpha

Source : E. coli; Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha, TNFSF2) is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. Rat TNF-alpha consisits of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 179 aa extracellular domain (ECD) . Within the ECD, rat TNF-alpha shares 94% aa sequence identity with mouse. TNF-alpha is produced by a wide variety of immune, epithelial, endothelial, and tumor cells. TNF exists as a homotrimer and interacts with SPPL2B. TNF is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. TNF is a key cytokine in the development of several inflammatory disorders. It contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes throught its effects on insulin resistance and fatty acid metabolism.