Anti-CD49d / Integrin alpha 4 Monoclonal Antibody (Clone:9F10) -Low Endotoxin

CD49d / integrin alpha 4, unlike other alpha integrins, neither contains an I-domain, nor undergoes disulfide-linked cleavage. It associates with beta 7 chain to form alpha 4 / beta 7 integrin, and with beta 1 chain (CD29) to form VLA-4 integrin. These complexes are important for lymphocyte migration from circulation into tissue (binding VCAM-1) and homing of T cell subsets to Peyer ́s patches (binding MadCAM-1), but VLA-4 is also target for invasive bacteria which contain invasin. CD49d is essential for differentiation and migration of hematopoietic stem cells by their adhesion to bone marrow stromal cells, and provides a costimulatory signal to TCR-CD3 complex by inducing phosphorylation of some focal adhesion proteins.