Mouse Monoclonal Antibody to Insulin Receptor (Clone: IR-1)

The insulin receptor (IR) is a heterodimeric protein complex that has an intracellular subunit and an extracellular subunit, which is disulfide-linked to a transmembrane segment. The insulin ligand binds to the IR and initiates molecular signaling pathways that promote glucose uptake in cells and glycogen synthesis. Insulin binding to IR induces phosphorylation of intra-cellular tyrosine kinase domains and recruitment of multiple SH2 and SH3 domain-containing intracellular proteins that serve as signaling intermediates for pleiotropic effects of insulin. Type 1 diabetes is an auto-immune condition of the endocrine pancreas that results in destruction of insulin secreting cells and a progressive loss in insulin-sensitive glucose uptake by cells.