Toll-like receptor 4 Adenovirus (Ad-TLR4)

Toll-like receptors (TLR) are fundamental for pathogen recognition and initiation of the innate immune response. TLRs recognize pathogen contours and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for immunity toward the pathogen. There is a high level of conservation in TLRs, both structurally and functionally, from Drosophila to humans. The TLR family of proteins is characterized by a highly conserved Toll homology (TH) domain, which is essential for Toll-induced signal transduction. Another TLR protein, RP105, is predominately expressed on mature B-cells and has a striking similarity to TLR4.