Estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta) Adenovirus (Ad-ER-beta)

Estrogen and progesterone receptors are members of a family of transcription factors that are regulated by the binding of their cognate ligands. The interaction of hormone-bound estrogen receptors with estrogen responsive elements (EREs) alters transcription of ERE-containing genes. The C-terminal region of the estrogen receptor contains a ligand binding domain, the N-terminus serves as a transactivation domain, and the DNA binding domain is centrally located. Two forms of estrogen receptor have been identified, ER (alpha) and ER (beta), which are differentially activated by various ligands. The biological response to progesterone is mediated by two distinct forms of the human progesterone receptor (PR-A and PR-B), which arise from alternative splicing. In most cells, PR-B functions as a transcriptional activator of progesterone-responsive genes, whereas PR-A functions as a transcriptional inhibitor of all steroid hormone receptors. mPR is a membrane progestin receptor.