Anti-ENPP2 Antibody

Detected in blood plasma (at protein level) (PubMed:12176993, PubMed:26371182) . Predominantly expressed in brain, placenta, ovary, and small intestine. Expressed in a number of carcinomas such as hepatocellular and prostate carcinoma, neuroblastoma and non-small-cell lung cancer. Expressed in body fluids such as plasma, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), saliva, follicular and amniotic fluids. Not detected in leukocytes. Isoform 1 is more highly expressed in peripheral tissues than in the central nervous system (CNS) . Adipocytes only express isoform 1. Isoform 3 is more highly expressed in the brain than in peripheral tissues.

The antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen and the purity is > 95% (by SDS-PAGE) .

Hydrolyzes lysophospholipids to produce the signaling molecule lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in extracellular fluids (PubMed:15769751, PubMed:26371182, PubMed:27754931) . Major substrate is lysophosphatidylcholine (PubMed:12176993, PubMed:27754931) . Also can act on sphingosylphosphorylcholine producing sphingosine-1-phosphate, a modulator of cell motility. Can hydrolyze, in vitro, bis-pNPP, to some extent pNP-TMP, and barely ATP (PubMed:15769751, PubMed:12176993) . Involved in several motility-related processes such as angiogenesis and neurite outgrowth. Acts as an angiogenic factor by stimulating migration of smooth muscle cells and microtubule formation (PubMed:11559573) . Stimulates migration of melanoma cells, probably via a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein (PubMed:1733949) . May have a role in induction of parturition (PubMed:12176993) . Possible involvement in cell proliferation and adipose tissue development (Probable) . Tumor cell motility- stimulating factor (PubMed:1733949, PubMed:11559573) .