Anti-Activin receptor type-1B ACVR1B Antibody

Activins are dimeric growth and differentiation factors which belong to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily of structurally related signaling proteins. Activins signal through a heteromeric complex of receptor serine kinases which include at least two type I and two type II receptors. ACVR1B, also known as activin receptor-like kinase 4 (ALK4), is a type I receptor for activin and plays major roles in cell differentiation, growth arrest and apoptosis. Like another type I activin receptor ACVR1C, ACVR1B can mediate signaling by ligands such as Nodal, Xnr1, GDF-1/3, activin B and activin AB. In Xenopus embryos, expression of a dominant-negative form of ACVR1B blocked all mesoderm-inducing ligands, while expression of a dominant negative ACVR1C only blocked Nodal and Xnr1 signaling, suggesting that the ACVR1B and ACVR1C possess distinct functions.

ACVR1B antibody was raised against a 14 amino acid synthetic peptide near the carboxy terminus of the human ACVR1B. The immunogen is located within amino acids 140 - 190 of ACVR1B.

Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase activin type-1 receptor forming an activin receptor complex with activin receptor type-2 (ACVR2A or ACVR2B) . Transduces the activin signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating a many physiological and pathological processes including neuronal differentiation and neuronal survival, hair follicle development and cycling, FSH production by the pituitary gland, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis. Activin is also thought to have a paracrine or autocrine role in follicular development in the ovary. Within the receptor complex, type-2 receptors (ACVR2A and/or ACVR2B) act as a primary activin receptors whereas the type-1 receptors like ACVR1B act as downstream transducers of activin signals. Activin binds to type-2 receptor at the plasma membrane and activates its serine- threonine kinase. The activated receptor type-2 then phosphorylates and activates the type-1 receptor such as ACVR1B. Once activated, the type-1 receptor binds and phosphorylates the SMAD proteins SMAD2 and SMAD3, on serine residues of the C- terminal tail. Soon after their association with the activin receptor and subsequent phosphorylation, SMAD2 and SMAD3 are released into the cytoplasm where they interact with the common partner SMAD4. This SMAD complex translocates into the nucleus where it mediates activin-induced transcription. Inhibitory SMAD7, which is recruited to ACVR1B through FKBP1A, can prevent the association of SMAD2 and SMAD3 with the activin receptor complex, thereby blocking the activin signal. Activin signal transduction is also antagonized by the binding to the receptor of inhibin-B via the IGSF1 inhibin coreceptor. ACVR1B also phosphorylates TDP2.

ACVR1B antibody can be stored at 4°C for three months and -20°C, stable for up to one year. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.