Anti-MDA5 IFIH1 Antibody

The innate immune system detects viral infection by recognizing various viral components and triggers antiviral responses. Like the toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), the melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) recognizes double-stranded (ds) RNA, a molecular pattern associated with viral infection. MDA5, a member of the DEAD/DEAH-box RNA helicase family, consists of an amino-terminal caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and a carboxyl-terminal RNA helicase domain similar to that of the related protein RIG-1. When stimulated by dsRNA, MDA5 recruits the adaptor protein VISA and ultimately causes the activation of IRF-3 and NF-κB. MDA5 and RIG-1 recognize different types of dsRNA, with MDA5 recognizing poly (I:C) . MDA5-null mice were highly susceptible to infection with picornaviruses, which possess such sequences, demonstrating the importance of MDA5 in innate immunity.

Hlcd, MDA5, MDA-5, RLR-2, IDDM19, RH116, Interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1, Clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis autoantigen 140 kDa, CADM-140 autoantigen

MDA5 antibody was raised against a 16 amino acid synthetic peptide from near the carboxy terminus of human MDA5. The immunogen is located within the last 50 amino acids of MDA5.

Widely expressed, at a low level. Expression is detected at slightly highest levels in placenta, pancreas and spleen and at barely levels in detectable brain, testis and lung.

Innate immune receptor which acts as a cytoplasmic sensor of viral nucleic acids and plays a major role in sensing viral infection and in the activation of a cascade of antiviral responses including the induction of type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines. Its ligands include mRNA lacking 2'-O- methylation at their 5' cap and long-dsRNA (>1 kb in length) . Upon ligand binding it associates with mitochondria antiviral signaling protein (MAVS/IPS1) which activates the IKK-related kinases: TBK1 and IKBKE which phosphorylate interferon regulatory factors: IRF3 and IRF7 which in turn activate transcription of antiviral immunological genes, including interferons (IFNs) ; IFN-alpha and IFN-beta. Responsible for detecting the Picornaviridae family members such as encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and mengo encephalomyocarditis virus (ENMG) . Can also detect other viruses such as dengue virus (DENV), west Nile virus (WNV), and reovirus. Also involved in antiviral signaling in response to viruses containing a dsDNA genome, such as vaccinia virus. Plays an important role in amplifying innate immune signaling through recognition of RNA metabolites that are produced during virus infection by ribonuclease L (RNase L) . May play an important role in enhancing natural killer cell function and may be involved in growth inhibition and apoptosis in several tumor cell lines.

MDA5 antibody can be stored at 4°C for three months and -20°C, stable for up to one year. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.