Equine TNF-alpha ELISA Kit PicoKine®

TNFα (Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha) gene encodes a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophages. It can bind to, and thus functions through its receptors TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. This cytokine is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. This cytokine has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer. Knockout studies in mice also suggested the neuroprotective function of this cytokine.

Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Sample 1 41 56 48 40 46 2.47 5.4% Sample 2 156 191 247 208 201 12.27 6.1% Sample 3 584 535 864 666 662 44.83 6.8% Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Sample 1 41 56 48 40 46 2.47 5.4% Sample 1 41 56 48 40 46 2.47 5.4% Sample 2 156 191 247 208 201 12.27 6.1% Sample 2 156 191 247 208 201 12.27 6.1% Sample 3 584 535 864 666 662 44.83 6.8% Sample 3 584 535 864 666 662 44.83 6.8%

Tumor necrosis factor; Cachectin; TNF-alpha; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; TNF-a; Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form; N-terminal fragment; NTF; Intracellular domain 1; ICD1; Intracellular domain 2; ICD2; C-domain 1; C-domain 2; Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form; Tnf; Tnfa, Tnfsf2

Most abundant in placenta and skeletal muscle. It is also detected in the heart, lung, liver and kidney. IL15- S21AA is preferentially expressed in tissues such as testis and thymus.

Atherosclerosis, Cancer, Cardiovascular, Cytokines, Growth Factors, Growth Factors/Hormones, Immunology, Innate Immunity, Metabolism, Signal Transduction, TNF Superfamily, Vascular Inflammation

Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 41 156 584 36 212 845 Standard deviation 2.16 11.23 29.84 1.75/td> 7.40 48.76 CV (%) 5.3% 7.2% 5.1% 4.9% 3.5% 5.8% Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 41 156 584 36 212 845 Standard deviation 2.16 11.23 29.84 1.75/td> 7.40 48.76 CV (%) 5.3% 7.2% 5.1% 4.9% 3.5% 5.8% Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 41 156 584 36 212 845 Mean (pg/ml) 41 156 584 36 212 845 Standard deviation 2.16 11.23 29.84 1.75/td> 7.40 48.76 Standard deviation 2.16 11.23 29.84 1.75/td> 7.40 48.76 CV (%) 5.3% 7.2% 5.1% 4.9% 3.5% 5.8% CV (%) 5.3% 7.2% 5.1% 4.9% 3.5% 5.8%

Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation.

Description|Quantity Pre-coated 96-well strip microplate|1 Standard|2 vials Biotinylated antibody (100x) |100ul Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex (100x) |100ul Sample Diluent|30ml Antibody Diluent|12ml Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Diluent|12ml Color Developing Reagent (TMB) |10ml Stop Solution|10ml Wash Buffer (25x) |20ml Adhesive plate sealers|4

Store at 4°C for 6 months, at -20°C for 12 months. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles (Ships with gel ice, can store for up to 3 days in room temperature. Freeze upon receiving.)

Concentration (pg/ml) 0 31.2 62.5 125 250 500 1000 2000 O.D. 0.037 0.081 0.136 0.236 0.448 0.873 1.572 2.236 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 31.2 62.5 125 250 500 1000 2000 O.D. 0.037 0.081 0.136 0.236 0.448 0.873 1.572 2.236 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 31.2 62.5 125 250 500 1000 2000 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 31.2 62.5 125 250 500 1000 2000 O.D. 0.037 0.081 0.136 0.236 0.448 0.873 1.572 2.236 O.D. 0.037 0.081 0.136 0.236 0.448 0.873 1.572 2.236