Human S100A12/En Rage ELISA Kit PicoKine®

S100 calcium-binding protein A12 (S100A12) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S100A12 gene. It is also known as calgranulin C. By R-banding FISH, the S100A12 gene is mapped to chromosome 1q21.2-q22. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. And this protein is proposed to be involved in specific calcium-dependent signal transduction pathways and its regulatory effect on cytoskeletal components may modulate various neutrophil activities.

Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Sample 1 58 61 58 60 59 1.29 2.1% Sample 2 265 274 252 278 267 9.98 3.7% Sample 3 947 981 966 1077 992 50.11 5% Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Sample 1 58 61 58 60 59 1.29 2.1% Sample 1 58 61 58 60 59 1.29 2.1% Sample 2 265 274 252 278 267 9.98 3.7% Sample 2 265 274 252 278 267 9.98 3.7% Sample 3 947 981 966 1077 992 50.11 5% Sample 3 947 981 966 1077 992 50.11 5%

Protein S100-A12; CGRP; Calcium-binding protein in amniotic fluid 1; CAAF1; Calgranulin-C; CAGC; Extracellular newly identified RAGE-binding protein; EN-RAGE; Migration inhibitory factor-related protein 6; MRP-6; p6; Neutrophil S100 protein; S100 calcium-binding protein A12; Calcitermin; S100A12

Predominantly expressed by neutrophils, monocytes and activated macrophages. Expressed by eosinophils and macrophages in asthmatic airways in regions where mast cells accumulate. Found in high concentrations in the serum of patients suffering from various inflammatory disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and Kawasaki disease.

Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 58 265 947 56 247 855 Standard deviation 2.32 20.4 67.23 3.08 23.46 68.4 CV (%) 4% 7.7% 7.1% 5.5% 9.5% 8% Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 58 265 947 56 247 855 Standard deviation 2.32 20.4 67.23 3.08 23.46 68.4 CV (%) 4% 7.7% 7.1% 5.5% 9.5% 8% Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 58 265 947 56 247 855 Mean (pg/ml) 58 265 947 56 247 855 Standard deviation 2.32 20.4 67.23 3.08 23.46 68.4 Standard deviation 2.32 20.4 67.23 3.08 23.46 68.4 CV (%) 4% 7.7% 7.1% 5.5% 9.5% 8% CV (%) 4% 7.7% 7.1% 5.5% 9.5% 8%

S100A12 is a calcium-, zinc- and copper-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. Its proinflammatory activity involves recruitment of leukocytes, promotion of cytokine and chemokine production, and regulation of leukocyte adhesion and migration. Acts as an alarmin or a danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule and stimulates innate immune cells via binding to receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (AGER) . Binding to AGER activates the MAP-kinase and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways leading to production of proinflammatory cytokines and up-regulation of cell adhesion molecules ICAM1 and VCAM1. Acts as a monocyte and mast cell chemoattractant. Can stimulate mast cell degranulation and activation which generates chemokines, histamine and cytokines inducing further leukocyte recruitment to the sites of inflammation. Can inhibit the activity of matrix metalloproteinases; MMP2, MMP3 and MMP9 by chelating Zn (2+) from their active sites. Possesses filariacidal and filariastatic activity. Calcitermin possesses antifungal activity against C.albicans and is also active against E.coli and P.aeruginosa but not L.monocytogenes and S.aureus. .

Description|Quantity Pre-coated 96-well strip microplate|1 Standard|2 vials Biotinylated antibody (100x) |100ul Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex (100x) |100ul Sample Diluent|30ml Antibody Diluent|12ml Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Diluent|12ml Color Developing Reagent (TMB) |10ml Stop Solution|10ml Wash Buffer (25x) |20ml Adhesive plate sealers|4

Store at 4°C for 6 months, at -20°C for 12 months. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles (Ships with gel ice, can store for up to 3 days in room temperature. Freeze upon receiving.)

Secreted . Cytoplasm . Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton . Cell membrane ; Peripheral membrane protein . Predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. Upon elevation of the intracellular calcium level, translocated from the cytoplasm to the cytoskeleton and the cell membrane. Upon neutrophil activation is secreted via a microtubule-mediated, alternative pathway.

Concentration (pg/ml) 0 31.2 62.5 125 250 500 1000 2000 O.D. 0.007 0.086 0.155 0.261 0.434 0.792 1.365 2.203 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 31.2 62.5 125 250 500 1000 2000 O.D. 0.007 0.086 0.155 0.261 0.434 0.792 1.365 2.203 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 31.2 62.5 125 250 500 1000 2000 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 31.2 62.5 125 250 500 1000 2000 O.D. 0.007 0.086 0.155 0.261 0.434 0.792 1.365 2.203 O.D. 0.007 0.086 0.155 0.261 0.434 0.792 1.365 2.203

Microplate Reader capable of reading absorbance at 450nm. Incubator. Automated plate washer (optional) . Pipettes and pipette tips capable of precisely dispensing 0.5 μl through 1 ml volumes of aqueous solutions. Multichannel pipettes are recommended for large amount of samples. Deionized or distilled water. 500ml graduated cylinders. Test tubes for dilution.