Human Kininogen-1 / KNG1 / HMW Kininogen ELISA Kit PicoKine®

Kininogen-1 (KNG1), also known as alpha-2-thiol proteinase inhibitor, Williams-Fitzgerald-Flaujeac factor or the HMWK-kallikrein factor, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KNG1 gene. It is mapped to 3q27.3. The KNG1 gene uses alternative splicing to generate two different proteins – high – molecular - weight kininogen (HMWK) and low - molecular- weight kininogen (LMWK) . HMWK is essential for blood coagulation and assembly of the kallikrein-kinin system. Also, bradykinin, a peptide causing numerous physiological effects, is released from HMWK. In contrast to HMWK, LMWK is not involved in blood coagulation. In addition to that, KNG1 is a constituent of the blood coagulation system as well as the kinin-kallikrein system.

Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Sample 1 221 236 257 237 237 12.79 5.3% Sample 2 658 655 603 647 640 22.16 3.4% Sample 3 3779 3418 3836 3710 3685 160.89 4.3% Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Sample 1 221 236 257 237 237 12.79 5.3% Sample 1 221 236 257 237 237 12.79 5.3% Sample 2 658 655 603 647 640 22.16 3.4% Sample 2 658 655 603 647 640 22.16 3.4% Sample 3 3779 3418 3836 3710 3685 160.89 4.3% Sample 3 3779 3418 3836 3710 3685 160.89 4.3%

Kininogen-1; Alpha-2-thiol proteinase inhibitor; Fitzgerald factor; High molecular weight kininogen; HMWK; Williams-Fitzgerald-Flaujeac factor; Kininogen-1 heavy chain; T-kinin; Ile-Ser-Bradykinin; Bradykinin; Kallidin I; Lysyl-bradykinin; Kallidin II; Kininogen-1 light chain; Low molecular weight growth-promoting factor; KNG1; BDK, KNG

Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 221 658 3779 249 672 4128 Standard deviation 10.83 33.56 219.18 17.68 51.07 321.98 CV (%) 4.9% 5.1% 5.8% 7.1% 7.6% 7.8% Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 221 658 3779 249 672 4128 Standard deviation 10.83 33.56 219.18 17.68 51.07 321.98 CV (%) 4.9% 5.1% 5.8% 7.1% 7.6% 7.8% Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 221 658 3779 249 672 4128 Mean (pg/ml) 221 658 3779 249 672 4128 Standard deviation 10.83 33.56 219.18 17.68 51.07 321.98 Standard deviation 10.83 33.56 219.18 17.68 51.07 321.98 CV (%) 4.9% 5.1% 5.8% 7.1% 7.6% 7.8% CV (%) 4.9% 5.1% 5.8% 7.1% 7.6% 7.8%

(1) Kininogens are inhibitors of thiol proteases; (2) HMW-kininogen plays an important role in blood coagulation by helping to position optimally prekallikrein and factor XI next to factor XII; (3) HMW-kininogen inhibits the thrombin- and plasmin- induced aggregation of thrombocytes; (4) the active peptide bradykinin that is released from HMW-kininogen shows a variety of physiological effects: (4A) influence in smooth muscle contraction, (4B) induction of hypotension, (4C) natriuresis and diuresis, (4D) decrease in blood glucose level, (4E) it is a mediator of inflammation and causes (4E1) increase in vascular permeability, (4E2) stimulation of nociceptors (4E3) release of other mediators of inflammation (e.g. prostaglandins), (4F) it has a cardioprotective effect (ly via bradykinin action, inly via endothelium-derived relaxing factor action) ; (5) LMW-kininogen inhibits the aggregation of thrombocytes; (6) LMW- kininogen is in contrast to HMW-kininogen not involved in blood clotting.

Description|Quantity Pre-coated 96-well strip microplate|1 Standard|2 vials Biotinylated antibody (100x) |100ul Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex (100x) |100ul Sample Diluent|30ml Antibody Diluent|12ml Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Diluent|12ml Color Developing Reagent (TMB) |10ml Stop Solution|10ml Wash Buffer (25x) |20ml Adhesive plate sealers|4

Store at 4°C for 6 months, at -20°C for 12 months. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles (Ships with gel ice, can store for up to 3 days in room temperature. Freeze upon receiving.)

Concentration (pg/ml) 0 156 312 625 1250 2500 5000 10000 O.D. 0.048 0.094 0.132 0.221 0.384 0.732 1.395 2.013 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 156 312 625 1250 2500 5000 10000 O.D. 0.048 0.094 0.132 0.221 0.384 0.732 1.395 2.013 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 156 312 625 1250 2500 5000 10000 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 156 312 625 1250 2500 5000 10000 O.D. 0.048 0.094 0.132 0.221 0.384 0.732 1.395 2.013 O.D. 0.048 0.094 0.132 0.221 0.384 0.732 1.395 2.013

Microplate Reader capable of reading absorbance at 450nm. Incubator. Automated plate washer (optional) . Pipettes and pipette tips capable of precisely dispensing 0.5 μl through 1 ml volumes of aqueous solutions. Multichannel pipettes are recommended for large amount of samples. Deionized or distilled water. 500ml graduated cylinders. Test tubes for dilution.