Human Thioredoxin ELISA Kit PicoKine®

Thioredoxin is a class of small redox proteins known to be present in all organisms. It is mapped to 9q31.3. Thioredoxins are proteins that act as antioxidants by facilitating the reduction of other proteins by cysteine thiol-disulfide exchange. They can also act as electron donors to peroxidases and ribonucleotide reductase. Thioredoxin is a 12-kD oxidoreductase enzyme containing a dithiol-disulfide active site. It plays a role in many important biological processes, including redox signaling. This gene also plays a central role in humans and is increasingly linked to medicine through their response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) . VDUP1 is a key stress-responsive inhibitor of Thioredoxin activity in cardiomyocytes.

Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Sample 1 300 284 285 292 290 6.41 2.2% Sample 2 1212 1056 1148 1119 1133 56.09 4.9% Sample 3 4585 5257 4931 5111 4971 250.99 5% Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Sample 1 300 284 285 292 290 6.41 2.2% Sample 1 300 284 285 292 290 6.41 2.2% Sample 2 1212 1056 1148 1119 1133 56.09 4.9% Sample 2 1212 1056 1148 1119 1133 56.09 4.9% Sample 3 4585 5257 4931 5111 4971 250.99 5% Sample 3 4585 5257 4931 5111 4971 250.99 5%

Cancer, Cell Biology, Energy Metabolism, Energy Transfer Pathways, Metabolic Signaling Pathways, Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, Pathways and Processes, Redox Metabolism, Signal Transduction

Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 300 1212 4585 329 1301 4269 Standard deviation 18.6 83.62 183.4 20.72 89.76 204.91 CV (%) 6.2% 6.9% 4% 6.9% 6.9% 4.8% Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 300 1212 4585 329 1301 4269 Standard deviation 18.6 83.62 183.4 20.72 89.76 204.91 CV (%) 6.2% 6.9% 4% 6.9% 6.9% 4.8% Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 300 1212 4585 329 1301 4269 Mean (pg/ml) 300 1212 4585 329 1301 4269 Standard deviation 18.6 83.62 183.4 20.72 89.76 204.91 Standard deviation 18.6 83.62 183.4 20.72 89.76 204.91 CV (%) 6.2% 6.9% 4% 6.9% 6.9% 4.8% CV (%) 6.2% 6.9% 4% 6.9% 6.9% 4.8%

Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Plays a role in the reversible S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues in target proteins, and thereby contributes to the response to intracellular nitric oxide. Nitrosylates the active site Cys of CASP3 in response to nitric oxide (NO), and thereby inhibits caspase-3 activity. Induces the FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA-binding activity in ionizing radiation (IR) cells through its oxidation/reduction status and stimulates AP-1 transcriptional activity.

Description|Quantity Pre-coated 96-well strip microplate|1 Standard|2 vials Biotinylated antibody (100x) |100ul Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex (100x) |100ul Sample Diluent|30ml Antibody Diluent|12ml Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Diluent|12ml Color Developing Reagent (TMB) |10ml Stop Solution|10ml Wash Buffer (25x) |20ml Adhesive plate sealers|4

Store at 4°C for 6 months, at -20°C for 12 months. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles (Ships with gel ice, can store for up to 3 days in room temperature. Freeze upon receiving.)

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Secreted. Secreted by a leaderless secretory pathway. Predominantly in the cytoplasm in non irradiated cells. Radiation induces translocation of TRX from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.

Concentration (pg/ml) 0 156 312 625 1250 2500 5000 10000 O.D. 0.019 0.098 0.157 0.275 0.476 0.857 1.532 2.324 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 156 312 625 1250 2500 5000 10000 O.D. 0.019 0.098 0.157 0.275 0.476 0.857 1.532 2.324 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 156 312 625 1250 2500 5000 10000 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 156 312 625 1250 2500 5000 10000 O.D. 0.019 0.098 0.157 0.275 0.476 0.857 1.532 2.324 O.D. 0.019 0.098 0.157 0.275 0.476 0.857 1.532 2.324

Microplate Reader capable of reading absorbance at 450nm. Incubator. Automated plate washer (optional) . Pipettes and pipette tips capable of precisely dispensing 0.5 μl through 1 ml volumes of aqueous solutions. Multichannel pipettes are recommended for large amount of samples. Deionized or distilled water. 500ml graduated cylinders. Test tubes for dilution.