Human VEGF ELISA Kit PicoKine®

Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (VPF/VEGF), a potent cytokine expressed by most malignant tumors, has critical roles in vasculogenesis and both physiological and pathological angiogenesis.VEGF produced by tumor cells potently stimulates endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis and plays a key role in the pathophysiology of several neoplasias. VEGF may also play a pivotal role in mediating the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy.VEGF, a major regulator of angiogenesis, binds to two receptor tyrosine kinases, KDR/Flk-1 and Flt-1. The VEGF gene is mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization to chromosome 6p12.

Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Sample 1 72 80 82 71 76 4.81 6.3% Sample 2 270 267 252 245 258 10.35 4% Sample 3 946 897 1026 1037 976 57.79 5.9% Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Lots Lot 1 (pg/ml) Lot 2 (pg/ml) Lot 3 (pg/ml) Lot 4 (pg/ml) Mean (pg/ml) Standard Deviation CV (%) Sample 1 72 80 82 71 76 4.81 6.3% Sample 1 72 80 82 71 76 4.81 6.3% Sample 2 270 267 252 245 258 10.35 4% Sample 2 270 267 252 245 258 10.35 4% Sample 3 946 897 1026 1037 976 57.79 5.9% Sample 3 946 897 1026 1037 976 57.79 5.9%

Isoform VEGF189, isoform VEGF165 and isoform VEGF121 are widely expressed. Isoform VEGF206 and isoform VEGF145 are not widely expressed. A higher level expression seen in pituitary tumors as compared to the pituitary gland. .

Angiogenesis, Cancer, Cancer Metabolism, Cardiovascular, Growth Factors, Growth Factors/Hormones, Metabolism, Metabolism Processes, Pathways and Processes, Response To Hypoxia, Signal Transduction

Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 72 270 946 76 254 955 Standard deviation 4.53 21.33 59.59 9.62 24.38 74.49 CV (%) 9.6% 7.9% 9.6% 7.8% 9.6% 7.8% Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 72 270 946 76 254 955 Standard deviation 4.53 21.33 59.59 9.62 24.38 74.49 CV (%) 9.6% 7.9% 9.6% 7.8% 9.6% 7.8% Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Intra-Assay Precision Inter-Assay Precision Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 Sample 1 2 3 1 2 3 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 n 16 16 16 24 24 24 Mean (pg/ml) 72 270 946 76 254 955 Mean (pg/ml) 72 270 946 76 254 955 Standard deviation 4.53 21.33 59.59 9.62 24.38 74.49 Standard deviation 4.53 21.33 59.59 9.62 24.38 74.49 CV (%) 9.6% 7.9% 9.6% 7.8% 9.6% 7.8% CV (%) 9.6% 7.9% 9.6% 7.8% 9.6% 7.8%

Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. NRP1/Neuropilin-1 binds isoforms VEGF-165 and VEGF-145. Isoform VEGF165B binds to KDR but does not activate downstream signaling pathways, does not activate angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth. .

Description|Quantity Pre-coated 96-well strip microplate|1 Standard|2 vials Biotinylated antibody (100x) |100ul Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex (100x) |100ul Sample Diluent|30ml Antibody Diluent|12ml Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Diluent|12ml Color Developing Reagent (TMB) |10ml Stop Solution|10ml Wash Buffer (25x) |20ml Adhesive plate sealers|4

Store at 4°C for 6 months, at -20°C for 12 months. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles (Ships with gel ice, can store for up to 3 days in room temperature. Freeze upon receiving.)

Secreted . VEGF121 is acidic and freely secreted. VEGF165 is more basic, has heparin-binding properties and, although a signicant proportion remains cell-associated, most is freely secreted. VEGF189 is very basic, it is cell-associated after secretion and is bound avidly by heparin and the extracellular matrix, although it may be released as a soluble form by heparin, heparinase or plasmin.

Concentration (pg/ml) 0 31.2 62.5 125 250 500 1000 2000 O.D. 0.019 0.083 0.144 0.268 0.466 0.872 1.521 2.789 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 31.2 62.5 125 250 500 1000 2000 O.D. 0.019 0.083 0.144 0.268 0.466 0.872 1.521 2.789 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 31.2 62.5 125 250 500 1000 2000 Concentration (pg/ml) 0 31.2 62.5 125 250 500 1000 2000 O.D. 0.019 0.083 0.144 0.268 0.466 0.872 1.521 2.789 O.D. 0.019 0.083 0.144 0.268 0.466 0.872 1.521 2.789

Microplate Reader capable of reading absorbance at 450nm. Incubator. Automated plate washer (optional) . Pipettes and pipette tips capable of precisely dispensing 0.5 μl through 1 ml volumes of aqueous solutions. Multichannel pipettes are recommended for large amount of samples. Deionized or distilled water. 500ml graduated cylinders. Test tubes for dilution.