Anti-NM23A/NME1 Antibody Picoband®

NME1 (NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1) also called non-metastatic cells 1, protein (NM23A) expressed in, NM23, NM23-H1, NDPKA, GAAD or AWD, is an  enzyme  that in humans is encoded by the  NME1  gene. The promoters of the mouse and human  NME1  genes, like those of other NME genes, contain several binding sites for AP2, NF1, Sp1, LEF1, and response elements to glucocorticoid receptors. The NME1 gene is mapped on 17q21.33. Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated colocalization of  NME1  in nuclei of B cells expressing EBNA3C. Expression of EBNA3C reversed the ability of  NME1  to inhibit migration of BL and breast carcinoma cells. NM23H1 bound SET and was released from inhibition by GZMA cleavage of SET. After GZMA loading or cytotoxic T lymphocyte attack, SET and NM23H1 translocated to the nucleus and SET was degraded, allowing NM23H1 to nick chromosomal DNA.  Using a Drosophila model system,   Dammai et al. (2003)   showed that the Drosophila  NME1  homolog, awd, regulates trachea cell motility by modulating FGFR levels through a dynamin -mediated pathway.

Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A; NDK A; NDP kinase A;2.7.4.6; Granzyme A-activated DNase; GAAD; Metastasis inhibition factor nm23; NM23-H1; Tumor metastatic process-associated protein; NME1; NDPKA, NM23

A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human NM23A, different from the related mouse sequence by two amino acids and from rat sequence by one amino acid.

Isoform 1 is expressed in heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, pancreas, spleen and thymus. Expressed in lung carcinoma cell lines but not in normal lung tissues. Isoform 2 is ubiquitously expressed and its expression is also related to tumor differentiation. Isoform 3 is ubiquitously expressed. .

Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate. Possesses nucleoside-diphosphate kinase, serine/threonine-specific protein kinase, geranyl and farnesyl pyrophosphate kinase, histidine protein kinase and 3'-5' exonuclease activities. Involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and development, signal transduction, G protein- coupled receptor endocytosis, and gene expression. Required for neural development including neural patterning and cell fate determination. During GZMA-mediated cell death, works in concert with TREX1. NME1 nicks one strand of DNA and TREX1 removes bases from the free 3' end to enhance DNA damage and prevent DNA end reannealing and rapid repair. .

1. Chang, C. L., Zhu, X., Thoraval, D. H., Ungar, D., Rawwas, J., Hora, N., Strahler, J. R., Hanash, S. M., Radany, E. nm23-H1 mutation in neuroblastoma. (Letter) Nature 370: 335-336, 1994. 2. Dooley, S., Seib, T., Engel, M., Theisinger, B., Janz, H., Piontek, K., Zang, K.-D., Welter, C. Isolation and characterization of the human genomic locus coding for the putative metastasis control gene nm23-H1. Hum. Genet. 93: 63-66, 1994. 3. Dammai, V., Adryan, B., Lavenburg, K. R., Hsu, T. Drosophila awd, the homolog of human nm23, regulates FGF receptor levels and functions synergistically with shi/dynamin during tracheal development. Genes Dev. 17: 2812-2824, 2003.

Store at -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Cytoplasm . Nucleus . Cell-cycle dependent nuclear localization which can be induced by interaction with Epstein-barr viral proteins or by degradation of the SET complex by GzmA.