Anti-Aurora B/AURKB Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

AURKB (aurora kinase B) also called Aik2, AIM-1, ARK2, AurB, STK12, IPL1, PPP1R48 or STK5, localizes to microtubules near kinetochores, specifically to the specialized microtubules called K-fibers. Cell cycle and Northern blot analyses showed that STK12 is expressed in the S phase and persistently thereafter. Western blot analysis indicated that STK12 is localized in the midbodies during anaphase. Northern blot analysis detected strong expression of a 1.5-kb STK12 transcript in thymus, with weaker expression in small intestine, testis, colon, spleen, and brain.  The AURKB gene is mapped on 17p13.1. Examination of the role of both kinases in the phosphorylation of CENPA revealed that the reaction is mediated sequentially by AURKA and  AURKB  in early mitosis.  EB1 overexpression enhanced  AURKB  kinase activity, and knockdown of EB1 with small interfering RNA impaired  AURKB  activity. EB1 protected AURKB  from dephosphorylation/inactivation by protein phosphatase-2A by blocking binding of PP2A to  AURKB.&nbsp

Aurora kinase B;2.7.11.1; Aurora 1; Aurora- and IPL1-like midbody-associated protein 1; Aurora/IPL1-related kinase 2; ARK-2; Aurora-related kinase 2; STK-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase 12; Serine/threonine-protein kinase 5; Serine/threonine-protein kinase aurora-B; Aurkb; Aik2, Aim1, Airk2, Ark2, Stk1, Stk12, Stk5

Expressed in testis, intestine and spleen. All of them are tissues that contain a large number of proliferating cells. Expressed during S phase, in a cell-cycle-dependent fashion.

Cancer, Cell Biology, Cell Cycle, Chromatin Modifying Enzymes, Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling, Kinases/Phosphatases, Protein Phosphorylation, Ser/Thr Kinases, Signal Transduction

Serine/threonine-protein kinase component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Involved in the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores and is a key regulator for the onset of cytokinesis during mitosis. Required for central/midzone spindle assembly and cleavage furrow formation. Key component of the cytokinesis checkpoint, a process required to delay abscission to prevent both premature resolution of intercellular chromosome bridges and accumulation of DNA damage: phosphorylates CHMP4C, leading to retain abscission- competent VPS4 (VPS4A and/or VPS4B) at the midbody ring until abscission checkpoint signaling is terminated at late cytokinesis. AURKB phosphorylates the CPC complex subunits BIRC5/survivin, CDCA8/borealin and INCENP. Phosphorylation of INCENP leads to increased AURKB activity. Other known AURKB substrates involved in centromeric functions and mitosis are CENPA, DES/desmin, GPAF, KIF2C, NSUN2, RACGAP1, SEPT1, VIM/vimentin, GSG2/Haspin and histone H3. A positive feedback loop involving GSG2 and AURKB contributes to localization of CPC to centromeres. Phosphorylation of VIM controls vimentin filament segregation in cytokinetic process, whereas histone H3 is phosphorylated at 'Ser-10' and 'Ser-28' during mitosis (H3S10ph and H3S28ph, respectively) . AURKB is also required for kinetochore localization of BUB1 and SGOL1. Phosphorylation of p53/TP53 negatively regulates its transcriptional activity. Key regulator of active promoters in resting B- and T-lymphocytes: acts by mediating phosphorylation of H3S28ph at active promoters in resting B-cells, inhibiting RNF2/RING1B-mediated ubiquitination of histone H2A and enhancing binding and activity of the USP16 deubiquitinase at transcribed genes. .

1. Andrews, P. D., Ovechkina, Y., Morrice, N., Wagenbach, M., Duncan, K., Wordeman, L., Swedlow, J. R. Aurora B regulates MCAK at the mitotic centromere. Dev. Cell 6: 253-268, 2004. 2. Katayama, H., Ota, T., Morita, K., Terada, Y., Suzuki, F., Katoh, O., Tatsuka, M. Human AIM-1: cDNA cloning and reduced expression during endomitosis in megakaryocyte-lineage cells. Gene 224: 1-7, 1998. 3. Ramadan, K., Bruderer, R., Spiga, F. M., Popp, O., Baur, T., Gotta, M., Meyer, H. H. Cdc48/p97 promotes reformation of the nucleus by extracting the kinase Aurora B from chromatin. Nature 450: 1258-1262, 2007.

Nucleus . Chromosome . Chromosome, centromere . Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle . Midbody . Localizes on chromosome arms and inner centromeres from prophase through metaphase and then transferring to the spindle midzone and midbody from anaphase through cytokinesis. Colocalized with gamma tubulin in the mid-body (By similarity) . Proper localization of the active, Thr-237-phosphorylated form during metaphase may be dependent upon interaction with SPDYC. Colocalized with SIRT2 during cytokinesis with the midbody (By similarity) . .