Anti-Estrogen Receptor beta/ESR2 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

Estrogen receptor-beta (ESR2) is a member of the superfamily of nuclear receptors, which can transduce extracellular signals into transcriptional responses. The gene product contains an N-terminal DNA binding domain and C-terminal ligand binding domain and is localized to the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. Upon binding to 17beta-estradiol or related ligands, the encoded protein forms homo- or hetero-dimers that interact with specific DNA sequences to activate transcription. Some isoforms dominantly inhibit the activity of other estrogen receptor family members. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been fully characterized.

A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the N-terminus of human Estrogen Receptor beta, different from the related rat and mouse sequences by four amino acids.

Isoform beta-1 is expressed in testis and ovary, and at a lower level in heart, brain, placenta, liver, skeletal muscle, spleen, thymus, prostate, colon, bone marrow, mammary gland and uterus. Also found in uterine bone, breast, and ovarian tumor cell lines, but not in colon and liver tumors. Isoform beta-2 is expressed in spleen, thymus, testis and ovary and at a lower level in skeletal muscle, prostate, colon, small intestine, leukocytes, bone marrow, mammary gland and uterus. Isoform beta-3 is found in testis. Isoform beta-4 is expressed in testis, and at a lower level in spleen, thymus, ovary, mammary gland and uterus. Isoform beta-5 is expressed in testis, placenta, skeletal muscle, spleen and leukocytes, and at a lower level in heart, lung, liver, kidney, pancreas, thymus, prostate, colon, small intestine, bone marrow, mammary gland and uterus. Not expressed in brain.

Cancer,2339, Diabetes, Domain Families, Endocrine System, Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling, Metabolism, Neuroscience, Nuclear Hormone Receptors, Nuclear Receptors, Nuclear Signaling Pathways, Obesity, Signal Transduction, Signaling Pathway, Transcription, Tumor Biomarkers, Zinc Finger

Nuclear hormone receptor. Binds estrogens with an affinity similar to that of ESR1, and activates expression of reporter genes containing estrogen response elements (ERE) in an estrogen-dependent manner (PubMed:20074560) . Isoform beta-cx lacks ligand binding ability and has no or only very low ere binding activity resulting in the loss of ligand-dependent transactivation ability. DNA-binding by ESR1 and ESR2 is rapidly lost at 37 degrees Celsius in the absence of ligand while in the presence of 17 beta-estradiol and 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen loss in DNA-binding at elevated temperature is more gradual. .

1. Beleza-Meireles, A., Kockum, I., Lundberg, F., Soderhall, C., Nordenskjold, A. Risk factors for hypospadias in the estrogen receptor 2 gene. J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 92: 3712-3718, 2007. 2. Fan, X., Warner, M., Gustafsson, J.-A. Estrogen receptor beta expression in the embryonic brain regulates development of calretinin-immunoreactive GABAergic interneurons. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 103: 19338-19343, 2006. 3. Ogawa, S., Emi, M., Shiraki, M., Hosoi, T., Ouchi, Y., Inoue, S. Association of estrogen receptor beta (ESR2) gene polymorphism with blood pressure. J. Hum. Genet. 45: 327-330, 2000.