Anti-STAT1 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) is a transcription factor which in humans is encoded by the STAT1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT protein family. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. This protein can be activated by various ligands including interferon-alpha, interferon-gamma, EGF, PDGF and IL6. This protein mediates the expression of a variety of genes, which is thought to be important for cell viability in response to different cell stimuli and pathogens. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described.

Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interferons (IFNs), cytokine KITLG/SCF and other cytokines and other growth factors. Following type I IFN (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) binding to cell surface receptors, signaling via protein kinases leads to activation of Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) and to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize and associate with ISGF3G/IRF-9 to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of IFN- stimulated genes (ISG), which drive the cell in an antiviral state. In response to type II IFN (IFN-gamma), STAT1 is tyrosine- and serine-phosphorylated. It then forms a homodimer termed IFN- gamma-activated factor (GAF), migrates into the nucleus and binds to the IFN gamma activated sequence (GAS) to drive the expression of the target genes, inducing a cellular antiviral state. Becomes activated in response to KITLG/SCF and KIT signaling. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. .

1. Deberry C, Mou S, Linnekin D (October 1997) . Stat1 associates with c-kit and is activated in response to stem cell factor. Biochem. J. 327 (1) : 73–80. 2. Ouchi T, Lee SW, Ouchi M, Aaronson SA, Horvath CM (May 2000) . Collaboration of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and BRCA1 in differential regulation of IFN-gamma target genes.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (10) : 5208–13. 3. Zhang JJ, Vinkemeier U, Gu W, Chakravarti D, Horvath CM, Darnell JE (Dec 1996) . Two contact regions between Stat1 and CBP/p300 in interferon gamma signaling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (26) : 15092–6.

Cytoplasm . Nucleus . Translocated into the nucleus upon tyrosine phosphorylation and dimerization, in response to IFN-gamma and signaling by activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 or FGFR4.