Anti-TNF alpha Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

TNF alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha) gene encodes a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophages. It can bind to, and thus functions through its receptors TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. This cytokine is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. This cytokine has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer. Knockout studies in mice also suggested the neuroprotective function of this cytokine.

Tumor necrosis factor; Cachectin; TNF-alpha; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; TNF-a; Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form; N-terminal fragment; NTF; Intracellular domain 1; ICD1; Intracellular domain 2; ICD2; C-domain 1; C-domain 2; Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form; Tnf; Tnfa, Tnfsf2

Found in spleen (B-cell-rich zone or follicles), Peyer patches (strongest within germinal centers and extending to the mantle zone) and lymph nodes (in reticular pattern in follicles) .

Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation.

1. Pennica, D., Nedwin, G. E., Hayflick, J. S., Seeburg, P. H., Derynck, R., Palladino, M. A., Kohr, W. J., Aggarwal, B. B., Goeddel, D. V.Human tumour necrosis factor: precursor structure, expression and homology to lymphotoxin.Nature 312: 724-729, 1984. 2. Shirai, T., Yamaguchi, H., Ito, H., Todd, C. W., Wallace, R. B.Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene for human tumour necrosis factor.Nature 313: 803-806, 1985.