Anti-NCX1/SLC8A1 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro550 Conjugated

In cardiac myocytes, Ca (2+) concentrations alternate between high levels during contraction and low levels during relaxation. The increase in Ca (2+) concentration during contraction is primarily due to release of Ca (2+) from intracellular stores. However, some Ca (2+) also enters the cell through the sarcolemma (plasma membrane) . During relaxation, Ca (2+) is sequestered within the intracellular stores. To prevent overloading of intracellular stores, the Ca (2+) that entered across the sarcolemma must be extruded from the cell. The Na (+) -Ca (2+) exchanger is the primary mechanism by which the Ca (2+) is extruded from the cell during relaxation. In the heart, the exchanger may play a key role in digitalis action. The exchanger is the dominant mechanism in returning the cardiac myocyte to its resting state following excitation.

Abundantly expressed in CNS. Widely expressed at low levels. Detected in dorsal root ganglion. Expressed in the keratinocyte layers of the outer root sheath and, to lesser extent, to the matrix of the hair follicles.

Putative receptor-activated non-selective calcium permeant cation channel. It is activated by innocuous (warm) temperatures and shows an increased response at noxious temperatures greater than 39 degrees Celsius. Activation exhibits an outward rectification. May associate with TRPV1 and may modulate its activity. Is a negative regulator of hair growth and cycling: TRPV3-coupled signaling suppresses keratinocyte proliferation in hair follicles and induces apoptosis and premature hair follicle regression.

1. Ebert, A. M., Hume, G. L., Warren, K. S., Cook, N. P., Burns, C. G., Mohideen, M. A., Siegal, G., Yelon, D., Fishman, M. C., Garrity, D. M. Calcium extrusion is critical for cardiac morphogenesis and rhythm in embryonic zebrafish hearts. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 102: 17705-17710, 2005. 2. Hilge, M., Aelen, J., Vuister, G. W. Ca (2+) regulation in the Na (+) /Ca (2+) exchanger involves two markedly different Ca (2+) sensors. Molec. Cell 22: 15-25, 2006. 3. Iwamoto, T., Kita, S., Zhang, J., Blaustein, M. P., Arai, Y., Yoshida, S., Wakimoto, K., Komuro, I., Katsuragi, T. Salt-sensitive hypertension is triggered by Ca (2+) entry via Na+/Ca+ exchanger type-1 in vascular smooth muscle. Nature Med. 10: 1193-1199, 2004.