Anti-TGIF/TGIF1 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro647 Conjugated

Homeobox protein TGIF1 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the TGIF1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the three-amino acid loop extension (TALE) superclass of atypical homeodomains. TALE homeobox proteins are highly conserved transcription regulators. This particular homeodomain binds to a previously characterized retinoid X receptor responsive element from the cellular retinol-binding protein II promoter. In addition to its role in inhibiting 9-cis-retinoic acid-dependent RXR alpha transcription activation of the retinoic acid responsive element, the protein is an active transcriptional co-repressor of SMAD2 and may participate in the transmission of nuclear signals during development and in the adult. Mutations in this gene are associated with holoprosencephaly type 4, which is a structural anomaly of the brain. Alternative splicing has been observed at this locus and multiple splice variants encoding distinct isoforms are described.

Expressed during myeloid lineage development. Much higher expression in bone marrow neutrophils than in peripheral blood neutrophils (at protein level) . Strongly expressed in the prostate, small intestine and colon and moderately expressed in the bone marrow and stomach. Overexpressed in some pancreatic cancer tissues.

May promote proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells by favoring the transition from the S to G2/M phase. In myeloid leukemic cell lines, inhibits cell growth and induces cell differentiation and apoptosis. May play a role in the inhibition of EIF4EBP1 phosphorylation/deactivation. Facilitates cell adhesion, most probably through interaction with cell surface lectins and cadherin.

1. Aguilella, C., Dubourg, C., Attia-Sobol, J., Vigneron, J., Blayau, M., Pasquier, L., Lazaro, L., Odent, S., David, V. Molecular screening of the TGIF gene in holoprosencephaly: identification of two novel mutations. Hum. Genet. 112: 131-134, 2003. 2. Bertolino, E., Reimund, B., Wildt-Perinic, D., Clerc, R. G. A novel homeobox protein which recognizes a TGT core and functionally interferes with a retinoid-responsive motif. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 31178-31188, 1995. 3. Bertolino, E., Wildt, S., Richards, G., Clerc, R. G. Expression of a novel murine homeobox gene in the developing cerebellar external granular layer during its proliferation. Dev. Dyn. 205: 410-420, 1996.